Classification of Astronomical Spectra Using PCA-Compressed Flux and Inverse-Variance Features

Abstract:This paper evaluates a signal-processing and supervised-learning pipeline for classifying SDSS DR17 astronomical spectra into stars, galaxies, and quasars. Each spectrum is represented by its measured flux and inverse-variance information, combining spectral shape with a wavelength-dependent reliability profile. After resampling onto a common logarithmic wavelength grid, the flux and inverse-variance vectors are standardized and separately compressed using principal component analysis. The resulting components are concatenated and used to train several classifiers. The best performance was obtained with the LightGBM gradient-boosting classifier, reaching $94.6\%$ accuracy and $92.1\%$ balanced accuracy on the test set.

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM); Machine Learning (cs.LG)

arXiv:2606.13978 [astro-ph.IM]

(or arXiv:2606.13978v1 [astro-ph.IM] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2606.13978 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

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