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This study demonstrates that the quantum Mpemba effect—where a system relaxes faster after greater initial disruption—persists even within Hilbert-space fragmentation, revealing distinct timescales for charge and dipole asymmetries. By employing replica tensor-network formulations, researchers successfully simulated these complex dynamics in systems up to 128 components, offering new insights into how fragmented quantum states restore symmetry through mechanisms like frozen memory.

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Broken Quantum Symmetry Restores Itself Faster with Greater Initial Disruption

Quantum ZeitgeistJune 16, 20264 min read

Can a quantum system actually restore broken symmetry *faster* when the initial breakage is more pronounced. New work demonstrates this counterintuitive effect persists even within fragmented quantum systems, revealing parametrically distinct timescales for charge and dipole asymmetries. This reshaping of the quantum Mpemba effect, into ‘frozen memory’ and active fragment relaxation, offers a new framework for understanding complex quantum dynamics.

Sreemayee Aditya and colleagues at the Institute for Theoretical Physics have discovered a counterintuitive phenomenon where a quantum system restores broken symmetry more rapidly with stronger initial symmetry breaking, known as the quantum Mpemba effect. This effect persists even when conservation laws fragment the system’s Hilbert space, resolving a long-standing question. Their investigation, combining replica tensor-network formulations with Hamiltonian simulations and a dissipative model, reveals a higher-order symmetric quantum Mpemba effect manifesting in charge and dipole…

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