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This research extends Ballistic Macroscopic Fluctuation Theory to accurately model charge fluctuations in complex quantum systems following sudden disturbances known as 'quenches.' By solving equations for free fermions and Rule 54 automata, the team provides a complete description of non-equilibrium dynamics within the ballistic window, overcoming previous limitations regarding interactions and finite timescales. These theoretical advances offer improved tools for analyzing large-scale correlations in intricate quantum systems that were previously difficult to calculate.

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Birmingham Team Models Charge Fluctuations after System Disturbance

Quantum ZeitgeistOctober 5, 20264 min read

Large-scale correlations in complex physical systems now have complete descriptions within an extended theoretical framework. Previously limited to stable states, calculations using Ballistic Macroscopic Fluctuation Theory can fully map dynamic changes following sudden shifts in system parameters, a feat demonstrated by solving equations for both free fermions and Rule 54 automata. This construction completes the solution across the entire ballistic window for Rule 54, recovering established exact results in these distinct scenarios.

Calculating how conserved quantities change over time in complex quantum systems has largely been inaccessible due to interactions and finite timescales. An extension of the theoretical framework, the Ballistic Macroscopic Fluctuation Theory, now solves this problem for ‘quench’ scenarios where a system rapidly changes from one state to another. This broadened applicability of Ballistic Macroscopic Fluctuation Theory better describes how complex physical systems change after sudden disturbances known as ‘quenches’. The…

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