Benchmarking Behavioral Steerability in Behavior Foundation Models

Abstract:Behavior Foundation Models (BFMs) are emerging as a paradigm for translating human intentions into executable humanoid behaviors. As these models evolve beyond behavior generation toward general-purpose behavioral systems, a fundamental question arises: can they be reliably steered according to user intentions? In this paper, we introduce the concept of behavioral steerability, defined as the ability of BFMs to faithfully generate behaviors that satisfy user-specified intentions. To study this capability, we present RoboSteer, the first benchmark for behavioral steerability in BFMs. RoboSteer organizes behavioral steerability into a three-level hierarchy-Conditional Steering, Constraint Steering, and Compositional Steering-and establishes a unified evaluation framework supported by a large-scale multimodal motion corpus. Using RoboSteer, we conduct the first large-scale empirical study of behavioral steerability across 9 existing BFMs. We view behavioral steerability as more than a capability for controlling motion: it concerns how embodied systems translate human intentions into purposeful actions. We hope RoboSteer will advance research on intention realization as a foundation for general-purpose embodied intelligence.

Robotics (cs.RO)

arXiv:2610.10198 [cs.RO]

(or arXiv:2610.10198v1 [cs.RO] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2610.10198 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

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