ATTRICITE: Training an Open 4B Model for Citation Recovery toward Faithful Attribution

Abstract:Faithful citation attribution begins with identifying the intended source for a scientific claim. We study this source-identification capability through citation recovery: recovering the paper cited by the original author from a citation-bearing passage. Our evaluation adopts the published author's citation as an observable human attribution signal and uses target recovery as a proxy for progress toward faithful attribution. We introduce ATTRICITE, an open 4B-parameter model trained for tool-using citation recovery within the CiteGuard retrieval environment, together with CITEALIGN, a 7,607-instance computer-science dataset drawn from recent scientific literature. For controlled evaluation, we construct a 709-instance benchmark subset of CITEALIGN, comprising 410 development instances from 2024 publications and 299 temporally held-out test instances from 2025 publications. Across three runs at an inference temperature of 0.7, GRPO fine-tuning improves Qwen3-4B from 49.4%$\pm$1.5% to 59.8%$\pm$0.2% target-match accuracy, a gain of 10.4 percentage points. Despite using only 4B parameters, ATTRICITE outperforms gpt-oss-20b and comes within 3.9 points of GPT-5.4-mini, while Gemma 4 31B IT achieves the strongest overall performance at 72.0%$\pm$1.0%. We release the model and collection pipeline this https URL to support reproducible research on citation recovery toward faithful attribution in a continually evolving scientific literature.

Digital Libraries (cs.DL); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)

arXiv:2609.14248 [cs.DL]

(or arXiv:2609.14248v1 [cs.DL] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.14248 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

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