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This paper presents a rigorous analytical derivation of the two-body density matrix spectrum for the fermionic Tonks-Girardeau gas, advancing fundamental understanding of particle correlations in quantum many-body systems. By identifying distinct collective and single-determinant eigenstates, the work clarifies the emergence of off-diagonal long-range order and links these properties to effective composite boson descriptions. Such theoretical insights are critical for refining models of strongly interacting quantum gases relevant to precision metrology and quantum simulation.
Analytic two-body density-matrix spectrum of the Fermionic Tonks-Girardeau gas
arXiv:2611.05820v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The two-body density matrix (TBDM) of a quantum many-body system provides information about particle correlations, e.g., pairing. In this work, we derive the complete spectrum of the TBDM of the fermionic Tonks-Girardeau gas using its exact ground-state wavefunction in second quantization. We obtain analytical expressions for all eigenvalues and eigenvectors for an arbitrary number of particles and identify two different types of eigenstates: collective states, formed by superpositions of paired momentum modes, and single-determinant states. We provide a physical interpretation of this structure, explaining the origin of the different eigenstates and their degeneracies. We further derive an asymptotic expansion for the largest eigenvalue, improving on previous estimates and analytically confirming its linear scaling with the particle number, thereby indicating off-diagonal long-range order. For the high-index collective states, we obtain simpler expressions for the eigenvalues and eigenvectors, showing that the eigenvalues decay as $n^{-4}$ and that the eigenvectors become independent of the number of particles. Finally, we discuss the connection between the collective states and an effective description in terms of composite bosons, whose spectral properties suggest a behavior consistent with Tan's contact for interacting bosonic systems.
Abstract:The two-body density matrix (TBDM) of a quantum many-body system provides information about particle correlations, e.g., pairing. In this work, we derive the complete spectrum of the TBDM of the fermionic Tonks-Girardeau gas using its exact ground-state wavefunction in second quantization. We obtain analytical expressions for all eigenvalues and eigenvectors for an arbitrary number of particles and identify two different types of eigenstates: collective states, formed by superpositions of paired momentum modes, and single-determinant states. We provide a physical interpretation of this structure, explaining the origin of the different eigenstates and their degeneracies. We further derive an asymptotic expansion for the largest eigenvalue, improving on previous estimates and analytically confirming its linear scaling with the particle number, thereby indicating off-diagonal long-range order. For the high-index collective states, we obtain simpler expressions for the eigenvalues and eigenvectors, showing that the eigenvalues decay as $n^{-4}$ and that the eigenvectors become independent of the number of particles. Finally, we discuss the connection between the collective states and an effective description in terms of composite bosons, whose spectral properties suggest a behavior consistent with Tan's contact for interacting bosonic systems.
Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
arXiv:2611.05820 [cond-mat.quant-gas]
(or arXiv:2611.05820v1 [cond-mat.quant-gas] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2611.05820 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)
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Full text under the publisher's open licence · 283 words