An entangling Hubbard quasiparticle collider on a digital quantum processor

Abstract:Scattering of quasiparticles provides direct access to the interactions that govern strongly correlated systems. In this work, we realize the quasiparticle scattering experiment of the Fermi-Hubbard model on a digital quantum processor by colliding a doublon and a holon in the half-filled chain of 21 sites encoded on 42 qubits of the ibm_boston processor. For the first time, we measure the transmission probability of quasiparticles of the Hubbard model on quantum hardware, which agrees with the Bethe-ansatz scattering matrix without free parameters. Beyond the scattering probabilities, the collision generates entanglement by superposing the transmitted and reflected components, which we infer from the particle-number fluctuation. In sharp contrast, a control collision between two doublons shows neither the interaction dependence nor the number fluctuation, as expected for indistinguishable particles. Our work demonstrates that the ability to create quasiparticles of a chosen flavor on demand and program their motion and interactions makes a digital quantum processor a new experimental toolset for probing the entanglement structure generated by quasiparticle scattering.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph); Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)

arXiv:2610.13946 [quant-ph]

(or arXiv:2610.13946v1 [quant-ph] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2610.13946 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

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