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This research proposes AIC-VDS, an attention-based in-context learning framework that enables large language models to jointly optimize flight velocities and data collection schedules for multi-UAV pipeline monitoring. By compressing real-time network-state inputs into concise natural-language prompts before querying the LLM, the method significantly reduces computational overhead while maintaining low packet loss compared to traditional deep reinforcement learning approaches. The work demonstrates a practical application of in-context learning techniques to solve complex joint control and scheduling problems in autonomous infrastructure inspection systems.
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AIC-VDS: Attention-Based In-Context Learning for Joint Velocity Control and Data Collection Scheduling in Multi-UAV-Assisted Pipeline Monitoring

arXiv3 min read

arXiv:2510.05698v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly deployed for autonomous inspection and sensor data collection in large-scale infrastructure monitoring applications, such as pipeline monitoring, where timely anomaly detection is critical. Jointly optimizing data-collection schedules and flight velocities is a critical challenge, as inefficiencies can increase packet loss and inspection latency. While online deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is a widely investigated approach, it suffers from low sample efficiency, substantial training requirements, and simulation-to-reality gaps in time-sensitive scenarios. Large language models (LLMs) offer a promising alternative through in-context learning (ICL); however, their substantial input requirements can introduce considerable computational and communication overhead. To address this, we propose Attention-Based In-Context Learning for Velocity Control and Data Collection Scheduling (AIC-VDS), a joint optimization framework designed to minimize packet loss under partial and potentially outdated local network-state information. AIC-VDS utilizes an attention module to process real-time network-state data, including sensor battery levels, sensor queue lengths, communication channel conditions, UAV locations, time since the previous sensor visit, and sensor urgency scores. This module extracts task-relevant features to reduce input overhead before querying the LLM. The LLM leverages these compressed natural-language prompts to generate adaptive data-collection schedules and velocity-control decisions for UAV execution. Simulation results show that the attention-based representation reduces the average prompt length by 50\%, while AIC-VDS rapidly stabilizes packet loss in the considered scenario.

Abstract:Uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly deployed for autonomous inspection and sensor data collection in large-scale infrastructure monitoring applications, such as pipeline monitoring, where timely anomaly detection is critical. Jointly optimizing data-collection schedules and flight velocities is a critical challenge, as inefficiencies can increase packet loss and inspection latency. While online deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is a widely investigated approach, it suffers from low sample efficiency, substantial training requirements, and simulation-to-reality gaps in time-sensitive scenarios. Large language models (LLMs) offer a promising alternative through in-context learning (ICL); however, their substantial input requirements can introduce considerable computational and communication overhead. To address this, we propose Attention-Based In-Context Learning for Velocity Control and Data Collection Scheduling (AIC-VDS), a joint optimization framework designed to minimize packet loss under partial and potentially outdated local network-state information. AIC-VDS utilizes an attention module to process real-time network-state data, including sensor battery levels, sensor queue lengths, communication channel conditions, UAV locations, time since the previous sensor visit, and sensor urgency scores. This module extracts task-relevant features to reduce input overhead before querying the LLM. The LLM leverages these compressed natural-language prompts to generate adaptive data-collection schedules and velocity-control decisions for UAV execution. Simulation results show that the attention-based representation reduces the average prompt length by 50\%, while AIC-VDS rapidly stabilizes packet loss in the considered scenario.

Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)

arXiv:2510.05698 [cs.AI]

(or arXiv:2510.05698v2 [cs.AI] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2510.05698 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

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