AgentPack: A Dataset of Code Changes, Co-Authored by Agents and Humans

Abstract:Fine-tuning large language models for code editing has typically relied on mining commits and pull requests. The working hypothesis has been that commit messages describe human intent in natural language, and patches to code describe the changes that implement that intent. However, much of the previously collected data is noisy: commit messages are terse, human-written commits commingle several unrelated edits, and many commits come from simple, rule-based bots. The recent adoption of software engineering agents changes this landscape. Code changes \emph{co-authored} by humans and agents are often accompanied by substantially more explicit natural-language descriptions of intent and rationale. Moreover, when these changes land in public repositories, they are implicitly filtered by humans: maintainers discard low-quality commits to their projects. We present AgentPack, a corpus of 1.8M code edits co-authored by Claude Code, OpenAI Codex, and Cursor Agent across public GitHub projects up to early October 2025. We describe the identification and curation pipeline, quantify adoption trends of these agents, and analyze the structural properties of the edits. Finally, we show that models fine-tuned on AgentPack can outperform models trained on prior human-only commit corpora, highlighting the potential of using public data from software engineering agents to train future code-editing models.

Software Engineering (cs.SE); Computation and Language (cs.CL)

arXiv:2509.21891 [cs.SE]

(or arXiv:2509.21891v3 [cs.SE] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2509.21891 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

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