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This paper proposes a governance framework that adapts test-driven development principles to LLM operations, replacing post-hoc benchmarking with pre-release acceptance tests that enforce deterministic behavioral contracts. By translating stakeholder goals into executable release gates and monitoring signals, the protocol addresses the critical mismatch between probabilistic generative outputs and institutional reliability requirements. The work offers a practical reference architecture for building auditable, safe, and economically viable LLM systems within enterprise environments.
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Acceptance-Test-Driven Evaluation Protocols for Business-Centric LLM Systems

arXiv2 min read

arXiv:2606.02755v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language model (LLM) applications are increasingly expected to satisfy deterministic institutional requirements while relying on probabilistic generative components. This mismatch makes ordinary post-hoc benchmarking insufficient for systems that must be safe, reliable, auditable, and economically useful. This paper contributes an evaluation-protocol extension for operational LLM systems grounded in acceptance-test-driven development, safety engineering, and business-centric validation. The extension translates stakeholder goals into executable behavioral contracts, release gates, monitoring signals, and evidence artifacts before prompt, model, retrieval, or agent changes are accepted. It adapts the red-green-refactor discipline of test-driven development to a red-train-green lifecycle: first define failing acceptance tests for desired behavior, then improve the LLM system through prompt changes, retrieval design, fine-tuning, guardrails, or data augmentation, and finally release only when multidimensional gates are satisfied. The contribution is a governance-oriented metric stack, reference architecture, and empirical protocol for comparing acceptance-test-driven LLM development against prompt-first and benchmark-after workflows.

Abstract:Large language model (LLM) applications are increasingly expected to satisfy deterministic institutional requirements while relying on probabilistic generative components. This mismatch makes ordinary post-hoc benchmarking insufficient for systems that must be safe, reliable, auditable, and economically useful. This paper contributes an evaluation-protocol extension for operational LLM systems grounded in acceptance-test-driven development, safety engineering, and business-centric validation. The extension translates stakeholder goals into executable behavioral contracts, release gates, monitoring signals, and evidence artifacts before prompt, model, retrieval, or agent changes are accepted. It adapts the red-green-refactor discipline of test-driven development to a red-train-green lifecycle: first define failing acceptance tests for desired behavior, then improve the LLM system through prompt changes, retrieval design, fine-tuning, guardrails, or data augmentation, and finally release only when multidimensional gates are satisfied. The contribution is a governance-oriented metric stack, reference architecture, and empirical protocol for comparing acceptance-test-driven LLM development against prompt-first and benchmark-after workflows.

Software Engineering (cs.SE); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)

arXiv:2606.02755 [cs.SE]

(or arXiv:2606.02755v1 [cs.SE] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2606.02755 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

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Full text under the publisher's open licence · 244 words

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