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This primer offers a rigorous examination of how transformer-based models encode linguistic meaning by contrasting three major semantic theories—formal, grounded, and distributional—with human language acquisition. It provides essential technical context for researchers aiming to understand the internal representations and limitations of current large language models beyond surface-level performance metrics.
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A Primer on Computational Semantics for Artificial Intelligence Systems

arXiv1 min read

arXiv:2608.25022v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As people adopt transformer-based language models (e.g., ChatGPT and Gemini) for an increasing number of use-cases, it is important to know how such models learn and represent the meaning of the language, and to be more informed about what language is. This document is an attempt to help the reader understand how linguistic meaning (i.e., semantics) is approached from different fields of scientific and philosophical examination. I also explain three primary semantic theories: formal semantics, grounded semantics, and distributional semantics then compare how transformer-based language models differ from how humans learn language.

Abstract:As people adopt transformer-based language models (e.g., ChatGPT and Gemini) for an increasing number of use-cases, it is important to know how such models learn and represent the meaning of the language, and to be more informed about what language is. This document is an attempt to help the reader understand how linguistic meaning (i.e., semantics) is approached from different fields of scientific and philosophical examination. I also explain three primary semantic theories: formal semantics, grounded semantics, and distributional semantics then compare how transformer-based language models differ from how humans learn language.

Computation and Language (cs.CL); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)

arXiv:2608.25022 [cs.CL]

(or arXiv:2608.25022v1 [cs.CL] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2608.25022 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

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Full text under the publisher's open licence · 190 words

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