A Multimodal Large Language Model-Driven Framework for Context-Aware UAV Emergency Landing Site Selection

Abstract:Safe UAV emergency landing requires more than just identifying flat terrain; it demands understanding complex semantic risks (e.g., crowds, temporary structures) invisible to traditional geometric sensors. In this paper, we propose a novel framework leveraging Remote Sensing (RS) imagery and Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) for global context-aware landing site assessment. Unlike local geometric methods, our approach employs a coarse-to-fine pipeline: first, a lightweight semantic segmentation module efficiently pre-screens candidate areas; second, a vision-language reasoning agent fuses visual features with Point-of-Interest (POI) data to detect subtle hazards. To validate this approach, we construct and release the Emergency Landing Site Selection (ELSS) benchmark at this https URL. ELSS includes a remote-sensing subset for simulation validation and a UAV aerial-video subset for real-world testing. Experiments demonstrate that our framework significantly outperforms geometric baselines in risk identification accuracy. Furthermore, qualitative results confirm its ability to generate human-like, interpretable justifications, enhancing trust in automated decision-making.

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)

arXiv:2602.01163 [cs.CV]

(or arXiv:2602.01163v2 [cs.CV] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2602.01163 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

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