A mean-field description of strong-to-weak symmetry breaking in the monitored three-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model

Abstract:Strong-to-weak spontaneous symmetry breaking has emerged as a novel form of ordering in monitored and open quantum systems, yet its characterization has so far primarily relied on nonlocal diagnostics. Here, we develop a Gutzwiller mean-field framework for monitored bosonic lattice systems, enabling the direct simulation of stochastic measurement dynamics in three spatial dimensions. Applying this approach to the monitored Bose-Hubbard model with local density measurements and Lindbladian dissipation, we identify strong-to-weak symmetry breaking through a trajectory-averaged local order parameter. We find that this local order parameter becomes critical near the same measurement strength as the charge-sharpening transition and exhibits Lorentz invariance with a correlation-length exponent, $\nu\simeq 1.2$, comparable to that of the charge-sharpening transition, suggesting that the two phenomena may originate from a common underlying critical point. Our work establishes a local characterization of strong-to-weak symmetry breaking, reveals its connection to charge sharpening, and provides concrete predictions for future experiments on the monitored Bose-Hubbard model.

Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas); Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

arXiv:2606.02713 [cond-mat.quant-gas]

(or arXiv:2606.02713v1 [cond-mat.quant-gas] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2606.02713 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website.

Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them.

Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs.