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This review compares four Matrix Product State algorithms for solving the Lindblad equation, offering critical insights into numerical efficiency and accuracy for simulating open quantum systems. By benchmarking direct integration methods against stochastic unravelings like quantum trajectories, it provides essential technical guidance for advancing quantum simulation capabilities.
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A first introduction to Matrix Product State algorithms for the integration of Lindblad equation

arXiv2 min read

arXiv:2609.18841v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In this introductory review, we present and compare four algorithms for the numerical integration of the Lindblad equation for one-dimensional quantum lattice systems. All four methods are based on Matrix Product State representations and can be viewed as extensions of the Time-Evolving Block Decimation (TEBD) algorithm to open quantum systems. Two approaches directly integrate the vectorized Lindblad equation, one of them explicitly enforcing the positivity of the density matrix. The other two rely on stochastic unravelings of the Lindblad equation, namely the quantum trajectory and quantum state diffusion approaches. We discuss the principles, numerical implementation, accuracy, and computational efficiency of the different methods, and benchmark them against an exactly solvable free fermion model.

Abstract:In this introductory review, we present and compare four algorithms for the numerical integration of the Lindblad equation for one-dimensional quantum lattice systems. All four methods are based on Matrix Product State representations and can be viewed as extensions of the Time-Evolving Block Decimation (TEBD) algorithm to open quantum systems. Two approaches directly integrate the vectorized Lindblad equation, one of them explicitly enforcing the positivity of the density matrix. The other two rely on stochastic unravelings of the Lindblad equation, namely the quantum trajectory and quantum state diffusion approaches. We discuss the principles, numerical implementation, accuracy, and computational efficiency of the different methods, and benchmark them against an exactly solvable free fermion model.

Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

arXiv:2609.18841 [cond-mat.stat-mech]

(or arXiv:2609.18841v1 [cond-mat.stat-mech] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.18841 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

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Full text under the publisher's open licence · 210 words

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