Where a Quantum Reservoir Works: A Transferable Operating Band

arXiv:2606.13284v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In quantum reservoir computing, a fixed quantum system transforms an input signal, while learning reduces to training a simple linear readout on its measured outputs. Since the quantum dynamics themselves are never optimized, the method is well suited to today's hardware. Yet these dynamics must still be chosen carefully, because their settings remain fixed throughout training and inference. It therefore remains open whether useful dynamics occupy a task-transferable region of control space and whether that region can be found without target-task tuning. We address this question for a dissipative reservoir by mapping performance over three central physical controls: the strength of the input drive, the coupling between neighboring qubits, and the rate of dissipation. Good performance concentrates in a well-defined operating band of this control space. This region transfers across tasks and reservoir initializations, and the same regime persists under an architectural change. It is also mechanistically grounded, since it disappears whenever any of the mechanisms that create it is removed. Finally, the region can be located cheaply before any task is run, using a simple memory diagnostic.

Abstract:In quantum reservoir computing, a fixed quantum system transforms an input signal, while learning reduces to training a simple linear readout on its measured outputs. Since the quantum dynamics themselves are never optimized, the method is well suited to today's hardware. Yet these dynamics must still be chosen carefully, because their settings remain fixed throughout training and inference. It therefore remains open whether useful dynamics occupy a task-transferable region of control space and whether that region can be found without target-task tuning. We address this question for a dissipative reservoir by mapping performance over three central physical controls: the strength of the input drive, the coupling between neighboring qubits, and the rate of dissipation. Good performance concentrates in a well-defined operating band of this control space. This region transfers across tasks and reservoir initializations, and the same regime persists under an architectural change. It is also mechanistically grounded, since it disappears whenever any of the mechanisms that create it is removed. Finally, the region can be located cheaply before any task is run, using a simple memory diagnostic.

4 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Accepted at the 4th International Workshop on QML: From Research to Practice at IEEE Quantum Week 2026 (QCE 2026)

arXiv:2606.13284 [quant-ph]

(or arXiv:2606.13284v2 [quant-ph] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2606.13284 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

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Where a Quantum Reservoir Works: A Transferable Operating Band

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