Vortex structures in momentum distributions from multi-pair production

Abstract:The vortex structures in the momentum distributions of multiple particle-antiparticle pairs produced from the vacuum by a spatially uniform, time-varying electric field with arbitrary polarization are investigated using the Bogoliubov transformation. For linearly polarized fields, as the field strength increases, the nodal lines in the multi-pair momentum distribution break up into vortex-antivortex pairs in both the bosonic and fermionic cases. Each vortex carries a topological charge that is an integer multiple of the single-pair vortex topological charge. For circular polarization, a central vortex appears at all field strengths. For bosons, its topological charge is an integer multiple of the single-pair vortex topological charge; for fermions, it is an integer multiple of the vortex topological charge for single-pair production with zero total spin projection along the field propagation direction. For elliptical polarization with suitable ellipticity, discrete vortices coexist with a central vortex. In this case, however, the integer-multiple relation for fermions generally fails because the two-pair production amplitude is a determinant and spin-channel contributions are separated in momentum space. These results provide a theoretical basis for understanding the vortex topology of multi-pair production in strong-field QED and for its potential control.

arXiv:2610.16976 [hep-ph]

(or arXiv:2610.16976v1 [hep-ph] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2610.16976 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

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