Vacuum amplification across a programmable bosonic Bogoliubov stability boundary in a trapped-ion chain

Abstract:A quantum oscillator always carries vacuum fluctuations, and modulating its parameters converts them into correlated pairs of real quanta. This vacuum amplification underlies squeezed light and Hawking radiation. In a closed quadratic system, pair creation competes with the energy splitting of the modes, and growth turns exponential only once pairing overcomes the splitting. Here we realize this competition in two motional modes of a trapped-ion chain. A two-mode-squeezing drive creates the pairs, and a beam-splitter coupling splits the motion into two coupled modes at different frequencies. The two rates are tuned and calibrated independently. Starting near the motional ground state, we cross the stability boundary in two ways. First, with the drive at the sum of the two bare-mode frequencies, the phonon number stays bounded until the pairing rate exceeds the splitting and grows exponentially beyond it. Second, tuning the drive into resonance with one coupled mode lowers the threshold to zero, and only that mode is amplified into a squeezed vacuum. Separate control of the two interactions makes the threshold for vacuum amplification programmable. This control can be used to simulate particle creation and quantum phase transitions, and to operate parametrically driven bosonic devices close to their stability limit.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph); Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)

arXiv:2610.41033 [quant-ph]

(or arXiv:2610.41033v1 [quant-ph] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2610.41033 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

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