TF-MoE: Time-Frequency Mixture-of-Experts for Efficient Speech Separation

arXiv:2606.29575v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent advances in speech separation (SS) have led to compact front-end models with small parameter sizes, yet their high computational cost remains a major barrier for deployment on edge devices. To address this, we propose TF-MoE, a sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) framework that enhances model capacity with almost no increase in inference cost. Our method introduces dynamic expert specialization in time and frequency dimensions through alternating time-wise and frequency-wise MoE modules, each dynamically selecting experts per frame or mel band. Built upon a mel-band-splitting Conformer backbone, TF-MoE achieves strong performance on SS tasks under low-compute settings. Experimental results demonstrate that TF-MoE consistently improves separation performance under computation cost constraints, outperforming BSRNN by +3.8 dB SDR on Libri2Mix with comparable 4.1 GMACs/s inference cost. This positions TF-MoE as a promising candidate for edge-device deployment.

Abstract:Recent advances in speech separation (SS) have led to compact front-end models with small parameter sizes, yet their high computational cost remains a major barrier for deployment on edge devices. To address this, we propose TF-MoE, a sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) framework that enhances model capacity with almost no increase in inference cost. Our method introduces dynamic expert specialization in time and frequency dimensions through alternating time-wise and frequency-wise MoE modules, each dynamically selecting experts per frame or mel band. Built upon a mel-band-splitting Conformer backbone, TF-MoE achieves strong performance on SS tasks under low-compute settings. Experimental results demonstrate that TF-MoE consistently improves separation performance under computation cost constraints, outperforming BSRNN by +3.8 dB SDR on Libri2Mix with comparable 4.1 GMACs/s inference cost. This positions TF-MoE as a promising candidate for edge-device deployment.

Sound (cs.SD); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)

arXiv:2606.29575 [cs.SD]

(or arXiv:2606.29575v3 [cs.SD] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2606.29575 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

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TF-MoE: Time-Frequency Mixture-of-Experts for Efficient Speech Separation

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