Temporal Signature of Bosonic Stimulation Induced by Dark Exciton in a Two-photon Pumped Polariton Condensate

Abstract:Strongly-coupled light-matter exciton-polaritons constitute an on-chip solid-state platform where the macroscopic quantum phenomenon of condensation is not only achievable at elevated temperatures, but can also be optically controlled, including through their interaction with inaccessible "dark" states. A recent study has shown that polariton condensation can be established under nonlinear two-photon pumping, paving the way towards dark state-condensate coherent control and highly-efficient terahertz (THz) lasing. In this letter, we show for the first time a temporal signature of dark exciton induced bosonic stimulation by investigating one- and two-photon pumped condensation with time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy. Our results show a clear difference in the detuning dependence of the buildup and relaxation rates of the condensate-induced blueshifts under one- and two-photon pumping. This difference is associated with the stronger exciton-fraction dependence expected for one-photon pumped condensation, where polariton-polariton stimulation dominates, compared with two-photon pumped condensation, where a 2p-exciton-to-lower-polariton THz transition can provide another stimulation channel, together with various spin-flip, electron-hole exchange and phonon-based mechanisms. These observations indicate the presence of a new dark state originated stimulation channel that could facilitate highly-efficient THz lasing in semiconductor microcavities.

Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

arXiv:2609.00125 [cond-mat.quant-gas]

(or arXiv:2609.00125v1 [cond-mat.quant-gas] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.00125 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 256901 (2026)

https://doi.org/10.1103/s7t5-l6xg Focus to learn more DOI(s) linking to related resources

arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website.

Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them.

Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs.