analiza aiqbench
This research utilizes spinor Bose-Einstein condensates as an analog quantum simulator to model the bending vibrations of triatomic molecules, effectively mapping molecular phases onto controllable quantum states. By engineering a dynamical instability between linear and bent configurations, the study generates significant entanglement that serves as a witness for quantum phase transitions, advancing our ability to simulate complex many-body physics with cold atoms.
Spinor Bose-Einstein condensate as an analog simulator of molecular bending vibrations
Quantum 10, 2226 (2026). https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2026-10-01-2226 We demonstrate that spinor Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) can be operated as an analog simulator of the two-dimensional vibron model. This algebraic model describes bending vibrations of molecules and, in the case of triatomic molecules, exhibits two phases where linear and bent configurations are stabilised. Spinor BECs can be engineered to simulate states that correspond to linear or bent triatomic molecules, with the Wigner function of the BEC encoding information about the molecular configuration. We show how quantum simulations of the bending dynamics of linear molecules can be realised, and how preparing a linear configuration in the bent phase leads to a dynamical instability. In the dynamics triggered by the corresponding instability, a significant amount of entanglement is generated, and we characterise the dynamics with the squeezing parameter and the quantum Fisher information (QFI). The scaling of the non-Gaussian sensitivity, described by the difference between squeezing and QFI, grows with the system size once the spinor system crosses from the linear to the bent phase, thus serving as a dynamical witness for the quantum phase transition.
We demonstrate that spinor Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) can be operated as an analog simulator of the two-dimensional vibron model. This algebraic model describes bending vibrations of molecules and, in the case of triatomic molecules, exhibits two phases where linear and bent configurations are stabilised. Spinor BECs can be engineered to simulate states that correspond to linear or bent triatomic molecules, with the Wigner function of the BEC encoding information about the molecular configuration. We show how quantum simulations of the bending dynamics of linear molecules can be realised, and how preparing a linear configuration in the bent phase leads to a dynamical instability. In the dynamics triggered by the corresponding instability, a significant amount of entanglement is generated, and we characterise the dynamics with the squeezing parameter and the quantum Fisher information (QFI). The scaling of the non-Gaussian sensitivity, described by the difference between squeezing and QFI, grows with the system size once the spinor system crosses from the linear to the bent phase, thus serving as a dynamical witness for the quantum phase transition.
[1] Y. Kawaguchi and M. Ueda, Physics Reports 520, 253 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2012.07.005
[2] D. M. Stamper-Kurn and M. Ueda, Rev. Mod. Phys. 85, 1191 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.85.1191
[3] L. Pezzè, A. Smerzi, M. K. Oberthaler, R. Schmied, and P. Treutlein, Rev. Mod. Phys. 90, 035005 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.90.035005
[4] T. Tian, H.-X. Yang, L.-Y. Qiu, H.-Y. Liang, Y.-B. Yang, Y. Xu, and L.-M. Duan, Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 043001 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.043001
[5] J. Cabedo, J. Claramunt, and A. Celi, Phys. Rev. A 104, L031305 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.104.L031305
[6] J. Cabedo and A. Celi, Phys. Rev. Res. 3, 043215 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.3.043215
[7] P. Feldmann, C. Klempt, A. Smerzi, L. Santos, and M. Gessner, Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 230602 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.230602
[8] B. Meyer-Hoppe, F. Anders, P. Feldmann, L. Santos, and C. Klempt, Phys. Rev. Lett. 131, 243402 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.243402
[9] C. S. Chisholm, S. Hirthe, V. B. Makhalov, R. Ramos, R. Vatré, J. Cabedo, A. Celi, and L. Tarruell, Science 391, 480 (2026). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adv1209
[10] Z. Zhang and L.-M. Duan, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 180401 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.180401
[11] X.-Y. Luo, Y.-Q. Zou, L.-N. Wu, Q. Liu, M.-F. Han, M. K. Tey, and L. You, Science 355, 620 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aag1106
[12] P. Feldmann, M. Gessner, M. Gabbrielli, C. Klempt, L. Santos, L. Pezzè, and A. Smerzi, Phys. Rev. A 97, 032339 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.97.032339
[13] L. Pezzè, M. Gessner, P. Feldmann, C. Klempt, L. Santos, and A. Smerzi, Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 260403 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.260403
[14] I. Kruse, K. Lange, J. Peise, B. Lücke, L. Pezzè, J. Arlt, W. Ertmer, C. Lisdat, L. Santos, A. Smerzi, and C. Klempt, Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 143004 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.143004
[15] C. D. Hamley, C. S. Gerving, T. M. Hoang, E. M. Bookjans, and M. S. Chapman, Nature Physics 8, 305 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys2245
[16] F. Anders, A. Idel, P. Feldmann, D. Bondarenko, S. Loriani, K. Lange, J. Peise, M. Gersemann, B. Meyer-Hoppe, S. Abend, N. Gaaloul, C. Schubert, D. Schlippert, L. Santos, E. Rasel, and C. Klempt, Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 140402 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.140402
[17] D. Jaksch and P. Zoller, Annals of Physics 315, 52 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AOP.2004.09.010
[18] I. Bloch, J. Dalibard, and S. Nascimbène, Nature Physics 8, 267 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys2259
[19] C. Gross and I. Bloch, Science 357, 995 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aal3837
[20] F. Schäfer, T. Fukuhara, S. Sugawa, Y. Takasu, and Y. Takahashi, Nature Reviews Physics 2, 411 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s42254-020-0195-3
[21] P. J. J. O'Malley, R. Babbush, I. D. Kivlichan, J. Romero, J. R. McClean, R. Barends, J. Kelly, P. Roushan, A. Tranter, N. Ding, B. Campbell, Y. Chen, Z. Chen, B. Chiaro, A. Dunsworth, A. G. Fowler, E. Jeffrey, E. Lucero, A. Megrant, J. Y. Mutus, M. Neeley, C. Neill, C. Quintana, D. Sank, A. Vainsencher, J. Wenner, T. C. White, P. V. Coveney, P. J. Love, H. Neven, A. Aspuru-Guzik, and J. M. Martinis, Phys. Rev. X 6, 031007 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.6.031007
[22] C. Hempel, C. Maier, J. Romero, J. McClean, T. Monz, H. Shen, P. Jurcevic, B. P. Lanyon, P. Love, R. Babbush, A. Aspuru-Guzik, R. Blatt, and C. F. Roos, Phys. Rev. X 8, 031022 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.8.031022
[23] J. Argüello-Luengo, A. González-Tudela, T. Shi, P. Zoller, and J. I. Cirac, Nature 574, 215 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1614-4
[24] A. J. Daley, I. Bloch, C. Kokail, S. Flannigan, N. Pearson, M. Troyer, and P. Zoller, Nature 607, 667 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04940-6
[25] C. Schneider, D. Porras, and T. Schaetz, Reports on Progress in Physics 75, 024401 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1088/0034-4885/75/2/024401
[26] F. Schlawin, M. Gessner, A. Buchleitner, T. Schätz, and S. S. Skourtis, PRX Quantum 2, 010314 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1103/PRXQuantum.2.010314
[27] V. So, M. D. Suganthi, A. Menon, M. Zhu, R. Zhuravel, H. Pu, P. G. Wolynes, J. N. Onuchic, and G. Pagano, Science Advances 10, eads8011 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.ads8011
[28] A. C. C. de Albornoz, R. G. Cortiñas, M. Schäfer, N. E. Frattini, B. Allen, D. G. Cabral, P. E. Videla, P. Khazaei, E. Geva, V. S. Batista, and M. H. Devoret, PRX Quantum 7, 020309 (2026). https://doi.org/10.1103/71yp-fqns
[29] F. Iachello and R. D. Levine, Algebraic Theory of Molecules (Oxford University Press, 1995). https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195080919.001.0001
[30] F. Iachello and S. Oss, The Journal of Chemical Physics 104, 6956 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.471412
[31] F. Pérez-Bernal and F. Iachello, Phys. Rev. A 77, 032115 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.77.032115
[32] F. Iachello, Lie Algebras and Applications, Lecture Notes in Physics (Springer Berlin, Heidelberg, 2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44494-8
[33] J. Khalouf-Rivera, M. Carvajal, L. F. Santos, and F. Pérez-Bernal, The Journal of Physical Chemistry A 123, 9544 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.9b07338
[34] J. Khalouf-Rivera, F. Pérez-Bernal, and M. Carvajal, Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer 261, 107436 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2020.107436
[35] P. Cejnar and F. Iachello, Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 40, 581 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/40/4/001
[36] M. Caprio, P. Cejnar, and F. Iachello, Annals of Physics 323, 1106 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aop.2007.06.011
[37] D. Larese, F. Pérez-Bernal, and F. Iachello, Journal of Molecular Structure 1051, 310 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2013.08.020
[38] P. Cejnar, P. Stránský, M. Macek, and M. Kloc, Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 54, 133001 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/abdfe8
[39] J. Khalouf-Rivera, F. Pérez-Bernal, and M. Carvajal, Phys. Rev. A 105, 032215 (2022a). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.105.032215
[40] J. Khalouf-Rivera, M. Carvajal, and F. Pérez-Bernal, SciPost Phys. 12, 002 (2022b). https://doi.org/10.21468/SciPostPhys.12.1.002
[41] J. Khalouf-Rivera, Q. Wang, L. F. Santos, J.-E. García-Ramos, M. Carvajal, and F. Pérez-Bernal, Phys. Rev. A 109, 062219 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.109.062219
[42] D. Larese and F. Iachello, Journal of Molecular Structure 1006, 611 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2011.10.016
[43] P. Cejnar and P. Stránský, Phys. Rev. E 78, 031130 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.78.031130
[44] J. M. Radcliffe, Journal of Physics A 4, 313 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/4/3/009
[45] F. T. Arecchi, E. Courtens, R. Gilmore, and H. Thomas, Phys. Rev. A 6, 2211 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.6.2211
[46] F. Iachello and A. Arima, The Interacting Boson Model, Cambridge Monographs on Mathematical Physics (Cambridge University Press, 1987).
[47] R. J. Glauber, Phys. Rev. 131, 2766 (1963). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.131.2766
[48] L. Mandel and E. Wolf, Optical Coherence and Quantum Optics (Cambridge University Press, 1995).
[49] S. S. Mirkhalaf, D. Benedicto Orenes, M. W. Mitchell, and E. Witkowska, Phys. Rev. A 103, 023317 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.103.023317
[50] P. Feldmann, Generalized quantum phase transitions for quantum-state engineering in spinor Bose-Einstein condensates, Ph.D. thesis, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität (2021). https://doi.org/10.15488/10772
[51] C. Gross, H. Strobel, E. Nicklas, T. Zibold, N. Bar-Gill, G. Kurizki, and M. K. Oberthaler, Nature 480, 219 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10654
[52] J. Peise, I. Kruse, K. Lange, B. Lücke, L. Pezzè, J. Arlt, W. Ertmer, K. Hammerer, L. Santos, A. Smerzi, and C. Klempt, Nature Communications 6, 8984 (2015a). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms9984
[53] E. M. Bookjans, A. Vinit, and C. Raman, Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 195306 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.195306
[54] W. Zhang, D. L. Zhou, M.-S. Chang, M. S. Chapman, and L. You, Phys. Rev. A 72, 013602 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.72.013602
[55] T. Zibold, E. Nicklas, C. Gross, and M. K. Oberthaler, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 204101 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.204101
[56] L. Zhao, J. Jiang, T. Tang, M. Webb, and Y. Liu, Phys. Rev. A 89, 023608 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.89.023608
[57] D. J. Rowe, B. C. Sanders, and H. de Guise, Journal of Mathematical Physics 40, 3604 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.532911
[58] G. A. Raggio and R. F. Werner, Helvetica Physica Acta 62, 980 (1989). https://doi.org/10.5169/seals-116175
[59] N. G. Duffield and R. F. Werner, Reviews in Mathematical Physics 04, 383 (1992a). https://doi.org/10.1142/S0129055X92000108
[60] N. G. Duffield and R. F. Werner, Classical hamiltonian dynamics for quantum hamiltonian mean-field limits, in Stochastics and quantum mechanics (Swansea, 1990), edited by A. Truman and I. Davies (World Sci. Publishing, 1992) pp. 115–129.
[61] D. J. Wineland, J. J. Bollinger, W. M. Itano, and D. J. Heinzen, Phys. Rev. A 50, 67 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.50.67
[62] D. J. Wineland, J. J. Bollinger, W. M. Itano, F. L. Moore, and D. J. Heinzen, Phys. Rev. A 46, R6797 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.46.R6797
[63] C. W. Helstrom, Journal of Statistical Physics 1, 231 (1969). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01007479
[64] S. L. Braunstein and C. M. Caves, Phys. Rev. Lett. 72, 3439 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.72.3439
[65] L. Pezzé and A. Smerzi, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 100401 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.100401
[66] L. Pezzè and A. Smerzi, in Atom Interferometry, Proceedings of the International School of Physics "Enrico Fermi" (IOS Press, 2014) pp. 691–741. https://doi.org/10.3254/978-1-61499-448-0-691
[67] M. Gessner, A. Smerzi, and L. Pezzè, Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 090503 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.090503
[68] G. Sorelli, M. Gessner, A. Smerzi, and L. Pezzè, Phys. Rev. A 99, 022329 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.99.022329
[69] P. Hyllus, W. Laskowski, R. Krischek, C. Schwemmer, W. Wieczorek, H. Weinfurter, L. Pezzé, and A. Smerzi, Phys. Rev. A 85, 022321 (2012a). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.85.022321
[70] P. Hyllus, W. Laskowski, R. Krischek, C. Schwemmer, W. Wieczorek, H. Weinfurter, L. Pezzé, and A. Smerzi, Phys. Rev. A 85, 022321 (2012b). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.85.022321
[71] Z. Ren, W. Li, A. Smerzi, and M. Gessner, Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 080502 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.080502
[72] J. Chávez-Carlos, T. L. M. Lezama, R. G. Cortiñas, J. Venkatraman, M. H. Devoret, V. S. Batista, F. Pérez-Bernal, and L. F. Santos, npj Quantum Information 9, 76 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-023-00745-1
[73] H. Strobel, W. Muessel, D. Linnemann, T. Zibold, D. B. Hume, L. Pezzè, A. Smerzi, and M. K. Oberthaler, Science 345, 424 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1250147
[74] M. F. Riedel, P. Böhi, Y. Li, T. W. Hänsch, A. Sinatra, and P. Treutlein, Nature 464, 1170 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08988
[75] R. McConnell, H. Zhang, J. Hu, S. Ć uk, and V. Vuletić, Nature 519, 439 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14293
[76] J. Johansson, P. Nation, and F. Nori, Computer Physics Communications 183, 1760 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2012.02.021
[77] J. Johansson, P. Nation, and F. Nori, Computer Physics Communications 184, 1234 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2012.11.019
[78] A. Usui and A. Niezgoda, code for spinor bose-einstein condensate as an analog simulator of molecular bending vibrations, (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23017382
[79] J. Peise, B. Lücke, L. Pezzé, F. Deuretzbacher, W. Ertmer, J. Arlt, A. Smerzi, L. Santos, and C. Klempt, Nature Communications 6, 6811 (2015b). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7811
[80] D. Linnemann, H. Strobel, W. Muessel, J. Schulz, R. J. Lewis-Swan, K. V. Kheruntsyan, and M. K. Oberthaler, Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 013001 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.013001
Could not fetch Crossref cited-by data during last attempt 2026-10-01 13:24:15: Could not fetch cited-by data for 10.22331/q-2026-10-01-2226 from Crossref. This is normal if the DOI was registered recently. On SAO/NASA ADS no data on citing works was found (last attempt 2026-10-01 13:24:16).
Text integral sub licența deschisă a publicației · 1854 cuvinte
Subiecte conexe
BECs mimic molecule bending, revealing quantum phase changes
Quantum Zeitgeist · 1 oct. 2026
Spinor Bose-Einstein condensate as an analog simulator of molecular bending vibrations
arXiv · 30 sept. 2026
Spin mixing induced dynamics of spinor solitons in $F=1$ Bose Einstein condensates
arXiv · 15 iun. 2026
New Simulations Show Quantum Turbulence Forms Via Kibble-Zurek Mechanism
Quantum Zeitgeist · 15 iul. 2026