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SimTrace introduces a framework for generating high-fidelity synthetic multimodal user trajectories using computer-use agents, effectively bypassing privacy restrictions and data scarcity issues in online modeling. By creating simulated twins of web environments grounded in real interactions, the system enables robust training for virtual clients in tasks like A/B testing and recommendation systems without relying on proprietary logs. This advancement significantly improves model performance on downstream tasks such as purchase prediction when synthetic data augments real datasets.
SimTrace: Grounded Multimodal User Trajectories Generation for Online User Modeling
arXiv:2609.38397v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Virtual clients offer a cost-effective approach to support applications such as A/B testing, recommender system development, and interface evaluation. However, building them requires access to large-scale, semantically faithful, fine-grained online user trajectories. These data are difficult to obtain because proprietary logs are subject to privacy restrictions and small businesses often lack sufficient traffic. Consequently, existing public datasets either abstract away fine-grained user interaction details or preserve rich context but remain platform-specific and small-scale. To address this gap, we propose SimTrace, a framework that generates faithful, fine-grained synthetic multimodal clickstreams through a computer-use client agent that is grounded in real user trajectories and the given web environment. SimTrace anonymizes real interactions and constructs a simulated twin of the given web environment, then uses both to generate synthetic interaction trajectories. Each action is paired with its corresponding web observations and user context, yielding a shareable alternative to confidential logs for developing computer-use agent-style virtual clients. We apply SimTrace to an e-commerce setting and evaluate both its fidelity and downstream utility. SimTrace outperforms competing baselines on 7 out of 8 fidelity metrics. Models trained on synthetic data achieve performance comparable to those trained on real data on downstream tasks such as purchase prediction and recommendation. For next action prediction task, augmenting real data with synthetic data further improves accuracy by 11.0% relative to training on real data alone. We release SimTrace as an open-source package to facilitate research on online user behavior modeling.
Abstract:Virtual clients offer a cost-effective approach to support applications such as A/B testing, recommender system development, and interface evaluation. However, building them requires access to large-scale, semantically faithful, fine-grained online user trajectories. These data are difficult to obtain because proprietary logs are subject to privacy restrictions and small businesses often lack sufficient traffic. Consequently, existing public datasets either abstract away fine-grained user interaction details or preserve rich context but remain platform-specific and small-scale. To address this gap, we propose SimTrace, a framework that generates faithful, fine-grained synthetic multimodal clickstreams through a computer-use client agent that is grounded in real user trajectories and the given web environment. SimTrace anonymizes real interactions and constructs a simulated twin of the given web environment, then uses both to generate synthetic interaction trajectories. Each action is paired with its corresponding web observations and user context, yielding a shareable alternative to confidential logs for developing computer-use agent-style virtual clients. We apply SimTrace to an e-commerce setting and evaluate both its fidelity and downstream utility. SimTrace outperforms competing baselines on 7 out of 8 fidelity metrics. Models trained on synthetic data achieve performance comparable to those trained on real data on downstream tasks such as purchase prediction and recommendation. For next action prediction task, augmenting real data with synthetic data further improves accuracy by 11.0% relative to training on real data alone. We release SimTrace as an open-source package to facilitate research on online user behavior modeling.
Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
arXiv:2609.38397 [cs.AI]
(or arXiv:2609.38397v1 [cs.AI] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.38397 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)
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