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SEED introduces a new benchmark for visual brain decoding that aligns more closely with human semantic understanding than existing metrics. By revealing significant information loss in current state-of-the-art models despite high scores on traditional measures, this research directly addresses critical gaps in evaluating AI-driven neurodecoding systems. The open-sourced evaluation data provides an essential foundation for advancing the accuracy and reliability of visual decoding algorithms.
SEED: Towards More Accurate Semantic Evaluation for Visual Brain Decoding
arXiv:2503.06437v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We present SEED (Semantic Evaluation for Visual Brain Decoding), a novel metric for evaluating the semantic decoding performance of visual brain decoding models. It integrates three complementary metrics, each capturing a different aspect of semantic similarity between images inspired by neuroscientific findings. Using carefully crowd-sourced human evaluation data, we demonstrate that SEED achieves the highest alignment with human evaluation, outperforming other widely used metrics. Through the evaluation of existing visual brain decoding models with SEED, we further reveal that crucial information is often lost in translation, even in the state-of-the-art models that achieve near-perfect scores on existing metrics. This finding highlights the limitations of current evaluation practices and provides guidance for future improvements in decoding models. Finally, to facilitate further research, we open-source the human evaluation data, encouraging the development of more advanced evaluation methods for brain decoding. Our code and the human evaluation data are available at https://github.com/Concarne2/SEED.
Abstract:We present SEED (Semantic Evaluation for Visual Brain Decoding), a novel metric for evaluating the semantic decoding performance of visual brain decoding models. It integrates three complementary metrics, each capturing a different aspect of semantic similarity between images inspired by neuroscientific findings. Using carefully crowd-sourced human evaluation data, we demonstrate that SEED achieves the highest alignment with human evaluation, outperforming other widely used metrics. Through the evaluation of existing visual brain decoding models with SEED, we further reveal that crucial information is often lost in translation, even in the state-of-the-art models that achieve near-perfect scores on existing metrics. This finding highlights the limitations of current evaluation practices and provides guidance for future improvements in decoding models. Finally, to facilitate further research, we open-source the human evaluation data, encouraging the development of more advanced evaluation methods for brain decoding. Our code and the human evaluation data are available at this https URL.
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV); Machine Learning (cs.LG)
arXiv:2503.06437 [cs.CV]
(or arXiv:2503.06437v3 [cs.CV] for this version)
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