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This research demonstrates that superradiance—a collective quantum emission phenomenon—remains robust even in disordered atomic arrays within photonic waveguides. The study reveals how spins spontaneously self-organize to optimize interference effects, providing critical theoretical bounds for realizing scalable quantum optical devices with realistic imperfections. These findings advance the fundamental understanding of many-body physics required for engineering fault-tolerant quantum networks and sensors.
Robust Superradiance and Spontaneous Spin Ordering in Disordered Waveguide Quantum Electrodynamics
arXiv:2510.13671v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We study the collective emission of a disordered array of $N$ excited two-level atoms into a one-dimensional photonic waveguide. In the perfectly ordered case, where atoms are spaced by exact integer multiples of the wavelength, the system exhibits the characteristic superradiant burst with a peak emission rate scaling as $N^2$. Using large-scale semiclassical simulations, we find that this key signature of superradiance remains asymptotically robust under strong spatial and spectral disorder, but also exhibits subtle finite-size scaling toward this limit. To explain our observations, we provide an analytical variational estimate for the maximal decay rate, which tightly bounds the numerical results and reveals how disorder shapes the collective decay. Specifically, we find that even in the presence of strong disorder, the spins tend to self-organize spontaneously according to their locations, which overall optimizes constructive interference effects and explains the emergence of mirror-asymmetric correlations in superradiant decay. These findings resolve important open questions regarding the existence and nature of superradiance in strongly disordered arrays and offer valuable insights for understanding collective quantum optical phenomena in realistic systems.
Abstract:We study the collective emission of a disordered array of $N$ excited two-level atoms into a one-dimensional photonic waveguide. In the perfectly ordered case, where atoms are spaced by exact integer multiples of the wavelength, the system exhibits the characteristic superradiant burst with a peak emission rate scaling as $N^2$. Using large-scale semiclassical simulations, we find that this key signature of superradiance remains asymptotically robust under strong spatial and spectral disorder, but also exhibits subtle finite-size scaling toward this limit. To explain our observations, we provide an analytical variational estimate for the maximal decay rate, which tightly bounds the numerical results and reveals how disorder shapes the collective decay. Specifically, we find that even in the presence of strong disorder, the spins tend to self-organize spontaneously according to their locations, which overall optimizes constructive interference effects and explains the emergence of mirror-asymmetric correlations in superradiant decay. These findings resolve important open questions regarding the existence and nature of superradiance in strongly disordered arrays and offer valuable insights for understanding collective quantum optical phenomena in realistic systems.
Quantum Physics (quant-ph); Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph); Optics (physics.optics)
arXiv:2510.13671 [quant-ph]
(or arXiv:2510.13671v4 [quant-ph] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.1103/97jv-13r6 DOI(s) linking to related resources
From: Xin H. H. Zhang [view email] [v1] Wed, 15 Oct 2025 15:30:30 UTC (7,964 KB) [v2] Tue, 3 Mar 2026 08:46:01 UTC (8,771 KB) [v3] Thu, 23 Apr 2026 14:03:58 UTC (8,979 KB) [v4] Tue, 28 Jul 2026 20:24:36 UTC (8,979 KB)
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