Resolving Structure in Prethermal Floquet Dynamics with Precision Quantum Computation

arXiv:2607.24937 (quant-ph)

Authors:Eyal Leviatan, Tasneem Watad, Roy Perry, Lukas Broers, Mohammed Zuhair Mullath, Ori Alberton, Itai Arad, Yosi Atia, Eyal Bairey, Shaul Barkan, Matan Ben Dov, Asaf Berkovitch, Ewout van den Berg, Itsik Cohen, Omri Golan, Ilya Gurwich, Avieli Haber, Barak A. Katzir, Oded Kenneth, Roei Levi, Yotam Y. Lifshitz, Yaron Lukovsky, Ron Melcer, Adiel Meyer, Boris Muratov, Aviad Panahi, Gili Schul, Tali Shnaider, Maor Shutman, Alireza Seif, Tomonori Shirakawa, Asif Sinay, Vincent P. Su, Hayk Tepanyan, Omri Trebitch, Assaf Zubida, Dorit Aharonov, Hrant Gharibyan, Abhinav Kandala, Seiji Yunoki, Netanel H. Lindner

Abstract:Periodically driven interacting quantum many-body systems can exhibit long-lived prethermal dynamics, where local observables retain coherent structure even as entanglement and operator complexity grow. Accessing this regime at the system sizes and times needed to determine physical properties of the prethermal state remains a central challenge: state-of-the-art classical methods become unreliable, while noise in quantum hardware degrades observable expectation values. Here we overcome these limitations for a Floquet Ising magnet realized on a heavy-hex lattice. Using the advanced error mitigation software QESEM on an IBM Heron r3 superconducting quantum processor, we measure magnetization dynamics with percent-level precision and resolve long-lived subharmonic prethermal oscillations in systems of up to 74 qubits. These experiments reach regimes for which leading tensor-network simulations fail to converge, while sparse Pauli-path simulations remain strongly truncation dependent despite extensive computations on advanced GPUs and the Fugaku supercomputer. Leveraging this quantum-accessible regime, we extend finite-size scaling to larger systems and find an unexpectedly slow decrease of the oscillation amplitude with system size, providing strong evidence that this oscillatory response persists in the thermodynamic limit of heavy-hex ladders. A hierarchy of mitigation and validation tests, including unbiased error mitigation, agreement between independent mitigation estimators, noise-model validation on the superconducting hardware, and cross-platform corroboration at selected Floquet cycles on Quantinuum System Model H2 and Quantinuum Helios trapped-ion hardware, supports the reliability of these findings. Our work establishes error-mitigated quantum processors as quantitative scientific instruments for discovering new physics in non-equilibrium quantum matter.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph); Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)

arXiv:2607.24937 [quant-ph]

(or arXiv:2607.24937v1 [quant-ph] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2607.24937 arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website.

Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them.

Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs.