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This paper establishes a theoretical bridge between reinforcement learning and potential theory, suggesting new pathways for enhancing sample efficiency in RL algorithms. By formalizing these connections under both fixed-policy and relaxed assumptions, the work offers rigorous constraints that could stabilize training dynamics without relying on empirical heuristics. The research advances foundational machine learning mathematics rather than proposing immediate commercial products or policy shifts.
Reinforcement Learning as (Discrete) Potential Theory
arXiv:2608.17181v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) theory fundamentally depends on probability theory through the Markov chain. There is a deep connection between probability theory and potential theory. This paper reviews that connection and explores the potential-theoretic viewpoint for core reinforcement learning representations and algorithms under a fixed-policy assumption. This viewpoint may offer a path for improved sample efficiency and formal constraints that can be applied to RL. When the fixed-policy assumption is relaxed, the linear potential theory framework can be naturally extended to the nonlinear case.
Abstract:Reinforcement learning (RL) theory fundamentally depends on probability theory through the Markov chain. There is a deep connection between probability theory and potential theory. This paper reviews that connection and explores the potential-theoretic viewpoint for core reinforcement learning representations and algorithms under a fixed-policy assumption. This viewpoint may offer a path for improved sample efficiency and formal constraints that can be applied to RL. When the fixed-policy assumption is relaxed, the linear potential theory framework can be naturally extended to the nonlinear case.
Machine Learning (cs.LG); Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
arXiv:2608.17181 [cs.LG]
(or arXiv:2608.17181v1 [cs.LG] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2608.17181 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)
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