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This paper is a quantum machine learning study on training variational quantum algorithms, so the topic gate passes. It proposes splitting gradient estimation between classical and quantum hardware to cut quantum circuit evaluations, with reported reductions of up to 60% on VQE benchmarks of 6 to 18 qubits and modest accuracy gains on phase classification. The results are simulation-based and the scaling claims are tentative ("potentially paving the way"), so readers should look for hardware validation and gradient-variance behavior at larger system sizes before drawing conclusions.
Reducing QPU Calls in Variational Quantum Algorithms via Classical Offloading of Gradient Computation
arXiv:2503.16361v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) are a promising approach for leveraging near-term quantum computers, but trainability and quantum-resource costs remain major challenges. Here we address these challenges with the \textbf{H}ardware \textbf{E}fficient and dynamical \textbf{LI}e algebra supported \textbf{A}nsatz (HELIA) and two training methods combining the classical-enhanced \g method with the quantum-based Parameter-Shift Rule (PSR). This distributes gradient estimation and training across classical and quantum hardware. We evaluate ground-state estimation of 6- to 18-qubit Hamiltonians using the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) and quantum phase classification for Hamiltonians up to 12 qubits. For VQE, our methods improve accuracy and success rates, with a mean reduction in estimated logical quantum evaluations of up to $60\%$ relative to Full-PSR training of the same ansatz. For classification, the largest improvement in mean peak test accuracy relative to Full-PSR is $2.8$ percentage points. We also use these methods as a warm-start pretraining strategy for Hamiltonians with exponential-dimensional dynamical Lie algebras. Gradient diagnostics for the studied Hamiltonian configurations show slower gradient-variance decay than the selected deep hardware-efficient reference over the simulated system sizes, potentially paving the way for training large-qubit quantum models.
Abstract:Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) are a promising approach for leveraging near-term quantum computers, but trainability and quantum-resource costs remain major challenges. Here we address these challenges with the \textbf{H}ardware \textbf{E}fficient and dynamical \textbf{LI}e algebra supported \textbf{A}nsatz (HELIA) and two training methods combining the classical-enhanced \g method with the quantum-based Parameter-Shift Rule (PSR). This distributes gradient estimation and training across classical and quantum hardware. We evaluate ground-state estimation of 6- to 18-qubit Hamiltonians using the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) and quantum phase classification for Hamiltonians up to 12 qubits. For VQE, our methods improve accuracy and success rates, with a mean reduction in estimated logical quantum evaluations of up to $60\%$ relative to Full-PSR training of the same ansatz. For classification, the largest improvement in mean peak test accuracy relative to Full-PSR is $2.8$ percentage points. We also use these methods as a warm-start pretraining strategy for Hamiltonians with exponential-dimensional dynamical Lie algebras. Gradient diagnostics for the studied Hamiltonian configurations show slower gradient-variance decay than the selected deep hardware-efficient reference over the simulated system sizes, potentially paving the way for training large-qubit quantum models.
Quantum Physics (quant-ph); Machine Learning (cs.LG); Machine Learning (stat.ML)
arXiv:2503.16361 [quant-ph]
(or arXiv:2503.16361v3 [quant-ph] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2503.16361 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite
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