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This research proposes a fragment-based reasoning framework that leverages explicit intermediate traces from in-context samples to enhance LLM-based machine translation. By distilling silver fragments and drafts from a teacher model, the approach significantly outperforms standard k-shot methods across multiple languages and domains using the Qwen3 architecture. The study highlights how structured reasoning over retrieved exemplars can improve translation reliability without requiring additional training data.
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Reasoning about In-Context Samples for Machine-Translation

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arXiv:2608.27036v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) can be trained to perform chain-of-thoughts reasoning in order to improve the reliability of their responses. In this work, we investigate how explicit reasoning can be leveraged for LLM-Based Machine Translation (MT) with in-context samples. We introduce a novel fragment-based reasoning framework in which the model first extracts parallel source-target fragments from retrieved similar exemplars, and uses these fragments as intermediate reasoning traces to produce the final translation. To train our model, we distill silver fragments and drafts from a large teacher model. Our experiments with the Qwen3 model family, over 6 languages, including up to 5 domains per language, demonstrate that fragment-based MT significantly outperforms alternative methods like standard k-shot or basic drafting.

Abstract:Large Language Models (LLMs) can be trained to perform chain-of-thoughts reasoning in order to improve the reliability of their responses. In this work, we investigate how explicit reasoning can be leveraged for LLM-Based Machine Translation (MT) with in-context samples. We introduce a novel fragment-based reasoning framework in which the model first extracts parallel source-target fragments from retrieved similar exemplars, and uses these fragments as intermediate reasoning traces to produce the final translation. To train our model, we distill silver fragments and drafts from a large teacher model. Our experiments with the Qwen3 model family, over 6 languages, including up to 5 domains per language, demonstrate that fragment-based MT significantly outperforms alternative methods like standard k-shot or basic drafting.

Computation and Language (cs.CL)

arXiv:2608.27036 [cs.CL]

(or arXiv:2608.27036v1 [cs.CL] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2608.27036 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

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