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Researchers have established a complete analytical framework for thermalisation in boundary-driven quantum systems, confirming that the quantum analogue of the Mpemba effect does not occur under specific free-fermion conditions. By deriving precise predictions using generalised hydrodynamics and defining a Frobenius distance threshold of 0.11, the study provides a rigorous method to quantify equilibration rates in previously intractable scenarios. This work advances the theoretical understanding of heat flow in closed quantum systems, offering a definitive benchmark for predicting relaxation dynamics in complex geometries.

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Quantum Systems Mimic Heat Flow Between Hot and Cold Reservoirs

Quantum Zeitgeist9 iunie 20265 min de cititArticolul și perspectiva sunt în engleză.

Previously, fully charting how quantum systems settle into thermal equilibrium proved elusive, often obscuring whether relaxation could unexpectedly accelerate. Now, a detailed analysis confirms that, within specific boundary conditions and free-fermion models, this acceleration, the quantum analogue of hot water freezing faster, does not occur. This work delivers a complete analytical description of thermalisation, identifying protocols where relaxation is fully predictable.

Purvaash Panduranghan-Udhayashankar of SISSA and INFN, and colleagues, investigated thermalisation in a closed quantum system simulating interactions with thermal reservoirs. The group explored a tripartite geometry involving finite and semi-infinite chains, modelling a temperature quench and offering a quantum analogue of the classical Mpemba effect. By analysing free-fermion models, the XX chain and the transverse-field Ising chain, they derived analytical predictions for the rate of thermalisation using generalised hydrodynamics and a Gaussian representation of the system’s dynamics. The analysis offers a thorough analytical characterisation of the thermalisation process in boundary-driven systems, and importantly demonstrates the…

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