Quantum networking with advances in fiber technology

Abstract:Recent comparisons of quantum repeater protocols have highlighted the strong near-term potential of multiplexed two-way architectures for long-distance quantum communication. At the same time, advances in hollow-core fiber (HCF) technology motivate a re-examination of the physical transmission medium as an architectural lever in quantum network design. In this work, we compare emerging anti-resonant HCFs against conventional silica single-mode fibers (SMFs) in multiplexed two-way quantum repeater networks. We evaluate their performance under both telecom and memory-native transmission, accounting for frequency-conversion overheads, coupling efficiencies, memory decoherence, and operational noise. We find that HCF significantly outperforms SMF across a wide range of regimes. With memory-native transmission, HCF yields up to an order of magnitude improvement in secret-key rate per channel use under realistic conversion efficiencies. Even at telecom wavelengths, HCF enables larger optimal repeater spacing, improving rate--cost tradeoffs and reducing repeater requirements. We further quantify the role of memory quality, hardware efficiency, detector and conversion losses, and two-qubit gate noise in shaping these gains. These results show that recent advances in HCF materially expand the design space of practical terrestrial quantum repeater networks.

arXiv:2603.23718 [quant-ph]

(or arXiv:2603.23718v2 [quant-ph] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2603.23718 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

https://doi.org/10.1103/lf9y-3h7h Focus to learn more DOI(s) linking to related resources

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