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This study establishes that ghost imaging and two-photon techniques generally offer superior precision for estimating object transmission coefficients compared to imaging with undetected photons, based on quantum Fisher information analysis. By framing these protocols as multiparameter estimation problems, the research provides a unified mathematical framework essential for optimizing spatial correlations in next-generation quantum sensing devices. These findings directly advance practical guidelines for designing high-accuracy quantum imaging systems reliant on photon pair dynamics.
Quantum Imaging Protocols Ranked by Transmission Accuracy

Comparing techniques like ghost imaging & two-photon imaging, this study ranks performance in estimating object transmission coefficients.
Researchers at Fraunhofer IOSB have developed a unified method for ranking the precision of several quantum imaging techniques. The work formulates ghost imaging, two-photon imaging, and imaging with undetected photons as quantum multiparameter estimation problems, focusing on transmission coefficients associated with different spatial modes. Calculations of quantum Fisher information reveal that ghost imaging and two-photon imaging generally deliver higher precision for transmission estimation than imaging with undetected photons. However, imaging with undetected photons does not couple transmission estimation across spatial modes, a functional difference from the other two methods. The results provide practical guidelines for the design and optimization of quantum sensing technologies reliant…
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