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The paper uses entangled two-photon (N=2 NOON state) interference to cut phase-measurement noise below the standard quantum limit in a fiber-optic strain sensor. The result is a proof-of-principle under realistic optical-power limits, not a deployed system. Readers should note that it is quantum sensing rather than computing or communication, so the closest listed category is a loose fit.
Quantum-enhanced phase interrogation of a fiber-optic strain sensor
arXiv:2610.19752v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Fiber-optic sensors enable high-sensitivity measurements of various physical parameters. Here, we demonstrate a quantum-enhanced interrogation of an all-fiber-optic Fabry-Perot resonator, employing entangled two-photon interference to probe directly strain-induced optical phase shifts. The resonator is interrogated by a narrow-linewidth laser that is frequency-locked to its resonance mode, thereby exploiting the cavity's inherent sensitivity to variations in the fiber length. To access the phase fluctuations transferred to the interrogation field due to external perturbations on the sensor, we implement an in-fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer readout. This configuration allows the sensor to operate both with classical coherent light and with entangled photon pairs generated via spontaneous parametric down-conversion. Harnessing two-photon entangled states corresponding to an N = 2 NOON state, we experimentally demonstrate a reduction of the measurement noise below the standard quantum limit. These results provide clear evidence of the quantum advantage in enhancing fiber-optic sensors under practical constraints on optical power.
Abstract:Fiber-optic sensors enable high-sensitivity measurements of various physical parameters. Here, we demonstrate a quantum-enhanced interrogation of an all-fiber-optic Fabry-Perot resonator, employing entangled two-photon interference to probe directly strain-induced optical phase shifts. The resonator is interrogated by a narrow-linewidth laser that is frequency-locked to its resonance mode, thereby exploiting the cavity's inherent sensitivity to variations in the fiber length. To access the phase fluctuations transferred to the interrogation field due to external perturbations on the sensor, we implement an in-fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer readout. This configuration allows the sensor to operate both with classical coherent light and with entangled photon pairs generated via spontaneous parametric down-conversion. Harnessing two-photon entangled states corresponding to an N = 2 NOON state, we experimentally demonstrate a reduction of the measurement noise below the standard quantum limit. These results provide clear evidence of the quantum advantage in enhancing fiber-optic sensors under practical constraints on optical power.
Quantum Physics (quant-ph); Optics (physics.optics)
arXiv:2610.19752 [quant-ph]
(or arXiv:2610.19752v1 [quant-ph] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2610.19752 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)
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