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PRISM addresses a critical bottleneck in embodied AI by dynamically coupling Vision-Language Models for perception with Large Language Models for decision-making through an automated question-answer loop. This closed-loop architecture significantly outperforms standalone models on complex multimodal benchmarks like ALFWorld and Room-to-Room, demonstrating that active probing of visual inputs is essential for task-critical understanding. The framework's ability to function fully automatically without handcrafted prompts marks a notable step forward in scaling LLM-based agents from text-only environments to real-world physical settings.
PRISM: Perception Reasoning Interleaved for Sequential Decision Making
arXiv:2605.05407v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Scaling LLM-based embodied agents from text-only environments to complex multimodal settings remains a major challenge. Recent work identifies a perception-reasoning-decision gap in standalone Vision-Language Models (VLMs), which often overlook task-critical information. In this paper, we introduce PRISM, a framework that tightly couples perception (VLM) and decision (LLM) through a dynamic question-answer (DQA) pipeline. Instead of passively accepting the VLM's description, the LLM critiques it, probes the VLM with goal-oriented questions, and synthesizes a compact image description. This closed-loop interaction yields a sharp, task-driven understanding of the scene. We evaluate PRISM on the ALFWorld and Room-to-Room (R2R) benchmarks. We show that: (1) PRISM significantly outperforms state-of-the-art image-based models, (2) our Interactive goal-oriented perception pipeline yields systematic and substantial gains, and (3) PRISM is fully automatic, eliminating the need for handcrafted questions or answers.
Abstract:Scaling LLM-based embodied agents from text-only environments to complex multimodal settings remains a major challenge. Recent work identifies a perception-reasoning-decision gap in standalone Vision-Language Models (VLMs), which often overlook task-critical information. In this paper, we introduce PRISM, a framework that tightly couples perception (VLM) and decision (LLM) through a dynamic question-answer (DQA) pipeline. Instead of passively accepting the VLM's description, the LLM critiques it, probes the VLM with goal-oriented questions, and synthesizes a compact image description. This closed-loop interaction yields a sharp, task-driven understanding of the scene. We evaluate PRISM on the ALFWorld and Room-to-Room (R2R) benchmarks. We show that: (1) PRISM significantly outperforms state-of-the-art image-based models, (2) our Interactive goal-oriented perception pipeline yields systematic and substantial gains, and (3) PRISM is fully automatic, eliminating the need for handcrafted questions or answers.
Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
arXiv:2605.05407 [cs.AI]
(or arXiv:2605.05407v2 [cs.AI] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2605.05407 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite
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