Prescriptive preparation and verification of nonstabilizer states

Abstract:High-fidelity quantum state preparation is a central task in quantum information science. In practice, it is commonly guided either by full quantum state tomography, which becomes prohibitively resource-intensive as system size grows, or by empirically chosen measurement settings that lack principled optimality. Here we show that quantum state verification (QSV) can be elevated from a purely diagnostic tool to a prescriptive framework for quantum state preparation, directly specifying experimentally optimal measurements and quantitative fidelity indicators without full state reconstruction. We experimentally realize this prescriptive paradigm using a three-qubit nonstabilizer $W$ state and a modified homogeneous QSV protocol. The verification measurements not only certify the prepared state with high confidence but also serve as a tomography-free indicator that systematically informs the preparation procedure. Using only nine measurement settings and $10^4$ samples, we achieve high-fidelity state preparation consistent with full tomography that requires orders of magnitude more resources. Beyond the present implementation, the prescriptive structure of QSV is naturally compatible with closed-loop feedback control, outlining a pathway toward genuine real-time quantum state preparation in future low-latency platforms.

arXiv:2507.11180 [quant-ph]

(or arXiv:2507.11180v2 [quant-ph] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2507.11180 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

Phys. Rev. Applied 26, 014074 (2026)

https://doi.org/10.1103/4hxp-fswy Focus to learn more DOI(s) linking to related resources

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