Online Lidar-Only Odometry with Retrospective Refinement of Overlapping Submaps

arXiv:2503.21293v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Lidar odometry aims to estimate the ego-motion of a mobile platform from a stream of lidar scans. Traditional scan-to-map approaches register each scan against a single, evolving map, which propagates registration errors over time. To mitigate this, we propose a multi-submap approach where the current scan is registered against multiple overlapping submaps instead of a single static map. By optimizing the resulting constraints in a pose graph, our method enables not only precise estimation of the current pose, but also retrospective refinement of the submaps' anchor points, which improves short-term consistency and long-term accuracy. We demonstrate that our approach achieves significant accuracy gains over several state-of-the art lidar odometry methods on a variety of automotive datasets while simultaneously maintaining real-time performance. Ablation studies confirm the critical role of multiple registrations and retrospective refinement of the map as core factors for our accuracy gains. Code and raw results are available on our public GitHub at https://github.com/Fusion-Goettingen/RAL_2026_Kurda_Online.

Abstract:Lidar odometry aims to estimate the ego-motion of a mobile platform from a stream of lidar scans. Traditional scan-to-map approaches register each scan against a single, evolving map, which propagates registration errors over time. To mitigate this, we propose a multi-submap approach where the current scan is registered against multiple overlapping submaps instead of a single static map. By optimizing the resulting constraints in a pose graph, our method enables not only precise estimation of the current pose, but also retrospective refinement of the submaps' anchor points, which improves short-term consistency and long-term accuracy. We demonstrate that our approach achieves significant accuracy gains over several state-of-the art lidar odometry methods on a variety of automotive datasets while simultaneously maintaining real-time performance. Ablation studies confirm the critical role of multiple registrations and retrospective refinement of the map as core factors for our accuracy gains. Code and raw results are available on our public GitHub at this https URL.

Robotics (cs.RO)

arXiv:2503.21293 [cs.RO]

(or arXiv:2503.21293v3 [cs.RO] for this version)

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Online Lidar-Only Odometry with Retrospective Refinement of Overlapping Submaps

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