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The paper introduces ONCship, a 4,521-hour underwater acoustic dataset built from hydrophone recordings and AIS vessel data, and benchmarks it on self-supervised representation learning, vessel-type classification, and vessel-identity classification. For ML readers, the useful signals are the scale gain over existing corpora like DeepShip and ShipsEar and the reported 62.45% linear-probe accuracy, though the benchmarks are single-paper results that need independent replication. The MMSI-level task, with 53% Top-1 accuracy, is an early feasibility result rather than a solved problem.
ONCship: A Large-Scale Underwater Acoustic Corpus for Ship Recognition
arXiv:2610.19722v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent advances in deep learning have significantly improved underwater acoustic vessel recognition. However, existing publicly available datasets are typically limited in scale, hindering large-scale representation learning and downstream task evaluation. To address this limitation, we introduce ONCship, a large-scale underwater acoustic dataset comprising 4521 hours of curated recordings from Ocean Networks Canada (ONC) hydrophones and Automatic Identification System (AIS) data. We evaluate the proposed dataset across three tasks: self-supervised representation learning, vessel-type classification, and MMSI-Level Vessel Classification. Experiments on DeepShip and ShipsEar demonstrate the effectiveness of ONCship for acoustic representation learning, with joint pre-training on ONCship and AudioSet achieving a classification accuracy of 62.45% on DeepShip through linear probing. Furthermore, incorporating ONCship as auxiliary training data improves downstream vessel-type classification performance. Beyond conventional vessel-type classification, we further investigate MMSI-Level Vessel Classification, treating each vessel as a distinct identity. Experimental results show that models fine-tuned with different loss functions achieve Top-1 accuracies exceeding 53% and Top-5 accuracies approaching 69%, demonstrating the feasibility of distinguishing individual vessels through MMSI-Level Vessel Classification. Overall, ONCship provides a valuable resource for underwater acoustic representation learning and vessel recognition, while its rich vessel-level metadata enables further exploration of MMSI-Level Vessel Classification.
Abstract:Recent advances in deep learning have significantly improved underwater acoustic vessel recognition. However, existing publicly available datasets are typically limited in scale, hindering large-scale representation learning and downstream task evaluation. To address this limitation, we introduce ONCship, a large-scale underwater acoustic dataset comprising 4521 hours of curated recordings from Ocean Networks Canada (ONC) hydrophones and Automatic Identification System (AIS) data. We evaluate the proposed dataset across three tasks: self-supervised representation learning, vessel-type classification, and MMSI-Level Vessel Classification. Experiments on DeepShip and ShipsEar demonstrate the effectiveness of ONCship for acoustic representation learning, with joint pre-training on ONCship and AudioSet achieving a classification accuracy of 62.45% on DeepShip through linear probing. Furthermore, incorporating ONCship as auxiliary training data improves downstream vessel-type classification performance. Beyond conventional vessel-type classification, we further investigate MMSI-Level Vessel Classification, treating each vessel as a distinct identity. Experimental results show that models fine-tuned with different loss functions achieve Top-1 accuracies exceeding 53% and Top-5 accuracies approaching 69%, demonstrating the feasibility of distinguishing individual vessels through MMSI-Level Vessel Classification. Overall, ONCship provides a valuable resource for underwater acoustic representation learning and vessel recognition, while its rich vessel-level metadata enables further exploration of MMSI-Level Vessel Classification.
Sound (cs.SD); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Signal Processing (eess.SP)
arXiv:2610.19722 [cs.SD]
(or arXiv:2610.19722v1 [cs.SD] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2610.19722 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)
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