Measurement-induced phase transitions in disordered fermions

arXiv:2605.05306v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Measurement-induced phase transitions are nonequilibrium transitions between phases characterized by distinct entanglement scaling behaviors, driven by the competition between unitary dynamics and measurements. Despite recent numerical efforts, how quenched disorder affects these transitions remains unclear. In this work, we study a $d$-dimensional noninteracting fermionic system subject to both quenched disorder and continuous monitoring of the local particle density, and derive an effective field theory describing its long-time universal behaviors. We find that the system is governed by the same nonlinear sigma model as in the case of clean monitored fermions, with disorder entering only through a modification of model parameters. This result suggests that the presence or absence of a measurement-induced phase transition is unaffected by the introduction of disorder. In spatial dimension $d=1$, the system exhibits only an area law phase and no transition, whereas in $d>1$, a transition persists between an area$\times$log law phase and an area law phase, with the critical measurement rate suppressed by disorder. Numerical simulation confirms the absence of MIPT in $d=1$, and the linear shift of the critical measurement rate by disorder scattering rate in higher dimensions predicted by analytical theory.

Abstract:Measurement-induced phase transitions are nonequilibrium transitions between phases characterized by distinct entanglement scaling behaviors, driven by the competition between unitary dynamics and measurements. Despite recent numerical efforts, how quenched disorder affects these transitions remains unclear. In this work, we study a $d$-dimensional noninteracting fermionic system subject to both quenched disorder and continuous monitoring of the local particle density, and derive an effective field theory describing its long-time universal behaviors. We find that the system is governed by the same nonlinear sigma model as in the case of clean monitored fermions, with disorder entering only through a modification of model parameters. This result suggests that the presence or absence of a measurement-induced phase transition is unaffected by the introduction of disorder. In spatial dimension $d=1$, the system exhibits only an area law phase and no transition, whereas in $d>1$, a transition persists between an area$\times$log law phase and an area law phase, with the critical measurement rate suppressed by disorder. Numerical simulation confirms the absence of MIPT in $d=1$, and the linear shift of the critical measurement rate by disorder scattering rate in higher dimensions predicted by analytical theory.

v2: Added two-dimensional numerical results. 22 pages, 5 figures

Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech); Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

arXiv:2605.05306 [cond-mat.stat-mech]

(or arXiv:2605.05306v2 [cond-mat.stat-mech] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2605.05306 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website.

Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them.

Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs.

analiza aiqbench

Measurement-induced phase transitions in disordered fermions

Subiecte conexe