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This paper introduces LongChart, a new benchmark designed specifically to evaluate Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) on complex multi-chart reasoning tasks rather than simple perception. By utilizing a synthesis pipeline based on latent graphs, the study reveals that model accuracy significantly degrades as computational complexity increases across multiple charts and inference steps. These findings are critical for researchers aiming to improve agentic capabilities in MLLMs by addressing current limitations in handling intricate data visualization sequences.
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LongChart VQA: A Comprehensive Benchmark for MLLMs with Complex Multi-Chart Reasoning

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arXiv:2608.01328v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are rapidly evolving with expanded context windows and stronger reasoning capabilities, enabling multi-chart understanding and multi-step inference. These abilities are increasingly important as MLLMs are adopted in complex agentic tasks. However, existing benchmarks largely emphasize single-chart perception, while simple chart-to-chart connections are insufficient to evaluate these capabilities. To capture multi-chart complexity while ensuring consistency and validity, we design a synthesis pipeline supported by latent graphs. Building on this pipeline, we introduce LongChart, a benchmark whose VQA sets contain an average of 6.5 images and 31.2 questions. We evaluate 10 state-of-the-art MLLMs and examine three factors that influence performance: reasoning patterns, auxiliary tools, and robustness to image perturbations. Our results show that MLLM accuracy decreases and varies substantially as computational complexity increases, highlighting directions for future research in multi-chart reasoning.

Abstract:Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are rapidly evolving with expanded context windows and stronger reasoning capabilities, enabling multi-chart understanding and multi-step inference. These abilities are increasingly important as MLLMs are adopted in complex agentic tasks. However, existing benchmarks largely emphasize single-chart perception, while simple chart-to-chart connections are insufficient to evaluate these capabilities. To capture multi-chart complexity while ensuring consistency and validity, we design a synthesis pipeline supported by latent graphs. Building on this pipeline, we introduce LongChart, a benchmark whose VQA sets contain an average of 6.5 images and 31.2 questions. We evaluate 10 state-of-the-art MLLMs and examine three factors that influence performance: reasoning patterns, auxiliary tools, and robustness to image perturbations. Our results show that MLLM accuracy decreases and varies substantially as computational complexity increases, highlighting directions for future research in multi-chart reasoning.

Computation and Language (cs.CL); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)

arXiv:2608.01328 [cs.CL]

(or arXiv:2608.01328v1 [cs.CL] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2608.01328 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

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