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This research applies Large Language Models to enhance Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning, specifically solving the high-dimensional state space challenges in EV charging grid optimization. By using semantic reasoning for feature selection and objective weighting, the framework achieves significant improvements in market efficiency and training speed over traditional baselines. The study demonstrates a practical integration of LLMs into complex physical system control loops, moving beyond theoretical applications to tangible infrastructure management.
LLM-Enhanced Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Unified Electric Vehicles-Charging Station-Grid Optimization in Public Charging Systems
arXiv:2609.13805v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In the era of the Internet of Things (IoT), coordinating connected electric vehicle (EV) charging scheduling to balance EV charging satisfaction, station profitability, and smart grid stability presents a complex multi-objective challenge. Existing Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) approaches often struggle with high-dimensional state spaces generated by massive IoT sensing data and conflicting stakeholder interests. This paper proposes a novel LLM-enhanced MARL framework that, for the first time, simultaneously optimizes the Grid, EVs, and Stations within a unified loop. By integrating Large Language Model (LLM), we address two critical bottlenecks: interpretable feature selection and adaptive multi-objective balancing. The LLM analyzes real-time IoT-collected environmental states to extract physically significant features and dynamically assigns weights to conflicting objectives-including profit, user satisfaction, and grid load-using semantic reasoning instead of complex manual tuning. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our framework significantly outperforms state-of-the-art baselines, achieving superior market efficiency while reducing training time by over 70%. This approach offers a scalable, transparent solution for efficient and sustainable IoT-enabled urban charging infrastructure management.
Abstract:In the era of the Internet of Things (IoT), coordinating connected electric vehicle (EV) charging scheduling to balance EV charging satisfaction, station profitability, and smart grid stability presents a complex multi-objective challenge. Existing Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) approaches often struggle with high-dimensional state spaces generated by massive IoT sensing data and conflicting stakeholder interests. This paper proposes a novel LLM-enhanced MARL framework that, for the first time, simultaneously optimizes the Grid, EVs, and Stations within a unified loop. By integrating Large Language Model (LLM), we address two critical bottlenecks: interpretable feature selection and adaptive multi-objective balancing. The LLM analyzes real-time IoT-collected environmental states to extract physically significant features and dynamically assigns weights to conflicting objectives-including profit, user satisfaction, and grid load-using semantic reasoning instead of complex manual tuning. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our framework significantly outperforms state-of-the-art baselines, achieving superior market efficiency while reducing training time by over 70%. This approach offers a scalable, transparent solution for efficient and sustainable IoT-enabled urban charging infrastructure management.
Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
arXiv:2609.13805 [cs.AI]
(or arXiv:2609.13805v1 [cs.AI] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.13805 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)
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