Koopman operator theory: fundamentals, control, and applications

Abstract:The Koopman operator has gained considerable attention due to its ability to provide a global linear representation of highly complex dynamical systems. The operator describes nonlinear dynamics in a linear way through the lens of real- or complex-valued observable functions. Data-driven techniques, like extended dynamic mode decomposition (EDMD), kernel EDMD, and machine-learning methods, can be used to generate finite-dimensional approximations accompanied by finite-data error bounds. In this tutorial paper, we provide a concise introduction into Koopman operator theory and its use in systems and control. A particular focus is put on data-driven surrogate models, their extension to systems with inputs, and controller design using Koopman operator theory. Moreover, we demonstrate the key techniques, i.e., EDMD and Koopman MPC. To this end, we provide simulation studies including source code on GitHub to enable the interested reader to experience the Koopman operator in systems and control step by step.

Systems and Control (eess.SY); Machine Learning (cs.LG)

arXiv:2607.01819 [eess.SY]

(or arXiv:2607.01819v2 [eess.SY] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2607.01819 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

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