High-efficiency loading of 2,400 Ytterbium atoms in optical tweezer arrays

arXiv:2512.19795v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Neutral atom arrays have emerged as a powerful platform for quantum computation, simulation, and metrology.Among them, alkaline-earth-like atoms exhibit distinct advantages, including long coherence time, high-fidelity Rydberg gates, and erasure correction for efficient quantum error correction. However, their scalability has lagged behind that of the alkali atoms. Here, we report 2400 ytterbium-174 atoms trapped in an optical tweezer array with enhanced loading efficiency of 83.5(1)\% via blue-detuned light-assisted collisions. We develop a quantitative model of the collision dynamics and find good agreement between the calculated inelastic collision rates and the experimentally measured loading efficiencies.Notably, the loading efficiency is largely maintained for array sizes ranging from dozens to thousands, exhibiting excellent scalability. We further demonstrate that the enhancement exists robustly across a range of interatomic potentials, suggesting its utility for other atomic species. To establish the capability of the $^{174}$Yb arrays toward universal quantum computation, we propose to encode the qubit in the ground-clock state manifold and estimate a 99.9\% two-qubit gate fidelity with experimentally feasible parameters. Our work advances the prospects for realizing large-scale quantum computers using alkaline-earth-like atoms.

Abstract:Neutral atom arrays have emerged as a powerful platform for quantum computation, simulation, and this http URL them, alkaline-earth-like atoms exhibit distinct advantages, including long coherence time, high-fidelity Rydberg gates, and erasure correction for efficient quantum error correction. However, their scalability has lagged behind that of the alkali atoms. Here, we report 2400 ytterbium-174 atoms trapped in an optical tweezer array with enhanced loading efficiency of 83.5(1)\% via blue-detuned light-assisted collisions. We develop a quantitative model of the collision dynamics and find good agreement between the calculated inelastic collision rates and the experimentally measured loading this http URL, the loading efficiency is largely maintained for array sizes ranging from dozens to thousands, exhibiting excellent scalability. We further demonstrate that the enhancement exists robustly across a range of interatomic potentials, suggesting its utility for other atomic species. To establish the capability of the $^{174}$Yb arrays toward universal quantum computation, we propose to encode the qubit in the ground-clock state manifold and estimate a 99.9\% two-qubit gate fidelity with experimentally feasible parameters. Our work advances the prospects for realizing large-scale quantum computers using alkaline-earth-like atoms.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph); Applied Physics (physics.app-ph); Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph); Optics (physics.optics)

arXiv:2512.19795 [quant-ph]

(or arXiv:2512.19795v2 [quant-ph] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2512.19795 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

Phys. Rev. Lett. 137, 063201 (2026)

https://doi.org/10.1103/bp6k-8zmd Focus to learn more DOI(s) linking to related resources

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High-efficiency loading of 2,400 Ytterbium atoms in optical tweezer arrays

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