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GrowPage addresses the critical memory bottleneck of KV caches in long-output reasoning tasks by dynamically allocating capacity based on evolving attention demands rather than using fixed budgets. This approach treats KV storage as a runtime resource, enabling efficient scaling without sacrificing continuous batching or prefix caching capabilities. The method demonstrates a superior throughput-performance trade-off across multiple models, offering a practical solution for serving complex reasoning workloads.
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GrowPage: On-Demand KV Budgeting for Efficient LLM Reasoning Serving

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arXiv:2609.03494v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Long-output reasoning has made the key--value (KV) cache a critical memory bottleneck for efficient LLM serving. Existing KV compression methods usually rely on a predefined per-request budget and adjust only which KV states are retained, leaving the total capacity fixed throughout decoding. However, reasoning workloads exhibit substantial demand variation: different requests require different KV capacities, and the attention demand of an individual request evolves during generation. We introduce \textbf{GrowPage}, an on-demand KV budgeting framework that treats KV capacity as a runtime resource. GrowPage maintains lightweight dual-timescale query summaries to capture recent and long-term attention behaviors, and uses their relative attention working sets to estimate demand evolution. At each capacity boundary, GrowPage either compresses KV states within the current allocation or acquires an additional physical page when broader demand emerges. By integrating with PagedAttention's page-level memory abstraction, GrowPage preserves continuous batching and prefix caching. Experiments on reasoning benchmarks across multiple models show that GrowPage achieves a superior performance--throughput trade-off over existing approaches.

Abstract:Long-output reasoning has made the key--value (KV) cache a critical memory bottleneck for efficient LLM serving. Existing KV compression methods usually rely on a predefined per-request budget and adjust only which KV states are retained, leaving the total capacity fixed throughout decoding. However, reasoning workloads exhibit substantial demand variation: different requests require different KV capacities, and the attention demand of an individual request evolves during generation. We introduce \textbf{GrowPage}, an on-demand KV budgeting framework that treats KV capacity as a runtime resource. GrowPage maintains lightweight dual-timescale query summaries to capture recent and long-term attention behaviors, and uses their relative attention working sets to estimate demand evolution. At each capacity boundary, GrowPage either compresses KV states within the current allocation or acquires an additional physical page when broader demand emerges. By integrating with PagedAttention's page-level memory abstraction, GrowPage preserves continuous batching and prefix caching. Experiments on reasoning benchmarks across multiple models show that GrowPage achieves a superior performance--throughput trade-off over existing approaches.

Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)

arXiv:2609.03494 [cs.AI]

(or arXiv:2609.03494v1 [cs.AI] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.03494 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

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