Geometry-Aware Online Scheduling for LLM Serving: From Theoretical Bound to System Practice

arXiv:2606.22327v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The rapid growth of interactive Large Language Model serving has made efficient management of dynamic Key-Value cache footprints increasingly important for inference performance. Modern inference systems overwhelmingly rely on time-centric scheduling heuristics, such as Shortest Job First. However, their classical guarantees are rooted in traditional scheduling modeling, failing to capture the highly dynamic, 2D spatio-temporal geometric growth specific to LLM inference mechanisms. To resolve this, we propose the geometry-aware online scheduling by introducing the Smallest Volume First (SVF) algorithm and its highly efficient variant, 1-bit SVF. Via a novel volume-certificate proof, we establish a worst-case approximation ratio for SVF that approaches \textbf{3} in the high-concurrency regime of LLM serving, substantially improving upon the prior best constant of 48. Building upon this core breakthrough, we complete a comprehensive theoretical taxonomy analyzing our algorithms across different traffic scenarios and information availability. Practically, we seamlessly integrate our approach as a plug-and-play layer in vLLM. Extensive evaluations on Llama-3.1 models demonstrate comprehensive performance gains: SVF delivers strong reductions in both average and tail latency, while 1-bit SVF, with merely a single bit of information, achieves competitive throughput and latency. This work establishes a theoretically sound and empirically proven approach for resolving memory-constrained scheduling in modern LLM deployments. To facilitate future research, our code is available at https://github.com/Li-Beverly-Kong/Geometry-Aware-Online-Scheduling.git.

Abstract:The rapid growth of interactive Large Language Model serving has made efficient management of dynamic Key-Value cache footprints increasingly important for inference performance. Modern inference systems overwhelmingly rely on time-centric scheduling heuristics, such as Shortest Job First. However, their classical guarantees are rooted in traditional scheduling modeling, failing to capture the highly dynamic, 2D spatio-temporal geometric growth specific to LLM inference mechanisms. To resolve this, we propose the geometry-aware online scheduling by introducing the Smallest Volume First (SVF) algorithm and its highly efficient variant, 1-bit SVF. Via a novel volume-certificate proof, we establish a worst-case approximation ratio for SVF that approaches \textbf{3} in the high-concurrency regime of LLM serving, substantially improving upon the prior best constant of 48. Building upon this core breakthrough, we complete a comprehensive theoretical taxonomy analyzing our algorithms across different traffic scenarios and information availability. Practically, we seamlessly integrate our approach as a plug-and-play layer in vLLM. Extensive evaluations on Llama-3.1 models demonstrate comprehensive performance gains: SVF delivers strong reductions in both average and tail latency, while 1-bit SVF, with merely a single bit of information, achieves competitive throughput and latency. This work establishes a theoretically sound and empirically proven approach for resolving memory-constrained scheduling in modern LLM deployments. To facilitate future research, our code is available at this https URL.

Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)

arXiv:2606.22327 [cs.AI]

(or arXiv:2606.22327v3 [cs.AI] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2606.22327 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website.

Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them.

Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs.

analiza aiqbench

Geometry-Aware Online Scheduling for LLM Serving: From Theoretical Bound to System Practice

Subiecte conexe