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GBClaw represents a significant advancement in applying agentic AI frameworks to solve domain-intensive challenges in materials science, specifically by automating the investigation of complex grain boundary structures. By integrating large language models with specialized simulation tools and hierarchical memory, this system successfully bridges high-throughput computational screening with deep mechanistic analysis of deformation modes in nickel alloys. This work demonstrates a viable pathway for using autonomous AI agents to uncover physical insights that are difficult to derive through traditional modeling alone.
GBClaw: An agentic AI framework for atomistic grain boundary research and mechanistic discovery
arXiv:2610.28629v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Agentic artificial intelligence (AI) systems hold immense potential for automating complex workflows in materials discovery and design, but extending them to domain-intensive mechanistic investigations remains challenging. Here, we present GBClaw, an agentic AI framework for investigating the structure and deformation of general grain boundaries (GBs). Although general GBs constitute the vast majority of real-world interfaces in polycrystalline materials, they remain understudied because their structural complexity and interfacial mismatch complicate experimental and modeling research. GBClaw integrates large language models (LLMs) into a modular architecture comprising an orchestrator, specialized agents, domain-specific tools, simulation interfaces, and hierarchical memory. Through dynamic replanning and iterative workflow refinement, the framework effectively connects systematic simulations with targeted mechanistic analysis. Applied to 14 general asymmetric tilt GBs in nickel, GBClaw characterized interfacial defect structures and identified diverse deformation modes across these incommensurate boundaries. Comparing boundary sliding with and without secondary GB misfit dislocations revealed substantial differences in shear strength, underscoring the critical role of defect hierarchies in sliding resistance. Furthermore, researcher-guided follow-up calculations traced an anomalously high shear resistance to metastable boundary structures. This work demonstrates that combining agentic AI with domain expertise bridges high-throughput computational screening with deep physical understanding of complex material interfaces.
Abstract:Agentic artificial intelligence (AI) systems hold immense potential for automating complex workflows in materials discovery and design, but extending them to domain-intensive mechanistic investigations remains challenging. Here, we present GBClaw, an agentic AI framework for investigating the structure and deformation of general grain boundaries (GBs). Although general GBs constitute the vast majority of real-world interfaces in polycrystalline materials, they remain understudied because their structural complexity and interfacial mismatch complicate experimental and modeling research. GBClaw integrates large language models (LLMs) into a modular architecture comprising an orchestrator, specialized agents, domain-specific tools, simulation interfaces, and hierarchical memory. Through dynamic replanning and iterative workflow refinement, the framework effectively connects systematic simulations with targeted mechanistic analysis. Applied to 14 general asymmetric tilt GBs in nickel, GBClaw characterized interfacial defect structures and identified diverse deformation modes across these incommensurate boundaries. Comparing boundary sliding with and without secondary GB misfit dislocations revealed substantial differences in shear strength, underscoring the critical role of defect hierarchies in sliding resistance. Furthermore, researcher-guided follow-up calculations traced an anomalously high shear resistance to metastable boundary structures. This work demonstrates that combining agentic AI with domain expertise bridges high-throughput computational screening with deep physical understanding of complex material interfaces.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci); Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
arXiv:2610.28629 [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]
(or arXiv:2610.28629v1 [cond-mat.mtrl-sci] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2610.28629 arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)
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