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This research exposes a critical reproducibility flaw in LLM evaluation where hidden date injections in system prompts cause performance deltas of up to 14% on math reasoning tasks, surpassing variations from hardware or batching. The study demonstrates that standard prompting techniques like chain-of-thought fail to mitigate this sensitivity and may even amplify it, directly impacting the fairness of model leaderboards. Consequently, the field requires updated evaluation protocols that account for temporal dependencies to ensure robust and comparable benchmark results.
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Dating the Model: Hidden Dates in System Prompts Affect LLM Evaluation

arXiv2 min de cititArticolul și perspectiva sunt în engleză.

arXiv:2609.36931v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reproducibility is essential for scientific research, yet prior work shows that LLM outputs vary with hardware and batching. We identify an overlooked factor: the hidden injection of the current date into system prompts, which users cannot control and which changes every day. Across 9 recent LLMs and 6 datasets spanning multiple-choice QA (MCQA), math reasoning, code generation, and machine translation, performance varies solely with the current date, with deltas of up to 6% on MCQA, 14% on math reasoning, 7% on code generation, and 2.84 BLEU on machine translation. Model rankings also shift, affecting leaderboards. This date effect exceeds other sources of non-determinism, such as batch size and numerical precision. Standard prompting techniques -- chain-of-thought and few-shot prompting -- do not reduce the sensitivity; chain-of-thought even amplifies it. Our findings underscore the need for careful evaluation protocols to ensure reproducibility and fair comparisons in LLM research.

Abstract:Reproducibility is essential for scientific research, yet prior work shows that LLM outputs vary with hardware and batching. We identify an overlooked factor: the hidden injection of the current date into system prompts, which users cannot control and which changes every day. Across 9 recent LLMs and 6 datasets spanning multiple-choice QA (MCQA), math reasoning, code generation, and machine translation, performance varies solely with the current date, with deltas of up to 6% on MCQA, 14% on math reasoning, 7% on code generation, and 2.84 BLEU on machine translation. Model rankings also shift, affecting leaderboards. This date effect exceeds other sources of non-determinism, such as batch size and numerical precision. Standard prompting techniques -- chain-of-thought and few-shot prompting -- do not reduce the sensitivity; chain-of-thought even amplifies it. Our findings underscore the need for careful evaluation protocols to ensure reproducibility and fair comparisons in LLM research.

Computation and Language (cs.CL)

arXiv:2609.36931 [cs.CL]

(or arXiv:2609.36931v1 [cs.CL] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.36931 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

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