Cross-Modal Knowledge Distillation for Acoustic Pedestrian Detection

Abstract:Audio-only pedestrian detection is attractive for urban sensing but limited by weak acoustic cues. An appealing strategy is cross-modal knowledge distillation, in which a video teacher supervises the audio student during training so that the deployed model runs on audio alone. Under this task's severe class imbalance and wide video-audio modality gap, however, what such distillation contributes is unclear. We introduce Trust-Filtered Distillation (TFD), which selectively suppresses teacher supervision on pedestrian samples, and interpret its logit formulation as conditional label smoothing under a shared temperature. Across ten distillation configurations under five-fold cross-session validation on ASPED, most methods yield modest gains in macro accuracy accompanied by small changes in PR-AUC. The main effect is higher no-pedestrian accuracy at the cost of lower pedestrian recall. Adding TFD to logit distillation strengthens this trade-off without improving mean PR-AUC. These findings clarify the benefits and limitations of selective cross-modal supervision by distinguishing operating-point shifts from discrimination gains in imbalanced acoustic detection.

Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS); Machine Learning (cs.LG); Sound (cs.SD)

arXiv:2609.31785 [eess.AS]

(or arXiv:2609.31785v1 [eess.AS] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.31785 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

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