Concatenated continuous-drive protection of exchange-based spin-qubit gates

Abstract:Exchange-based two-qubit gates in semiconductor spin qubits are sensitive to low-frequency detuning noise and control errors. Here, we extend concatenated continuous driving (CCD), implemented by phase modulation of a global microwave drive, to exchange-based SWAP and $\sqrt{\mathrm{SWAP}}$ operations between double-dressed spin qubits and investigate its effectiveness for protecting two-qubit gates. We find that CCD retains strong protection against quasistatic common-mode detuning errors while substantially improving robustness against Rabi-frequency errors and qubit-to-qubit Rabi-frequency mismatch compared with conventional continuous dressing. By contrast, the gate fidelity is impacted by differential detuning errors. By modeling partially correlated quasistatic detuning noise, we further show that the noise-averaged gate fidelity depends strongly on the spatial correlation of the qubit-frequency fluctuations, with positive correlations enhancing CCD protection by suppressing the differential-noise component. These results identify the symmetry and spatial correlation of qubit-frequency noise as key factors governing continuous-drive protection in coupled spin-qubit systems.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph); Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)

arXiv:2610.24582 [quant-ph]

(or arXiv:2610.24582v1 [quant-ph] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2610.24582 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

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