analiza aiqbench
This research demonstrates a promising approach to solving $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge theories using variational quantum eigensolvers that naturally avoid barren plateaus through specific initialization strategies. By successfully simulating string breaking on IBM's hardware without explicit penalty terms, the study highlights VQEs as viable tools for exploring complex gauge groups where classical simulation remains inefficient. These findings represent a significant step forward in leveraging near-term quantum devices to tackle fundamental problems in high-energy physics and condensed matter theory.
Barren-plateau free variational quantum simulation of Z2 lattice gauge theories
arXiv:2507.19203v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In this work, we design a variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) suitable for investigating ground states and static string breaking in a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge theory (LGT). We consider a two-leg ladder lattice coupled to Kogut-Susskind staggered fermions and verify the results of the VQE simulations using tensor network methods. We find that for varying Hamiltonian parameter regimes and in the presence of external charges, the VQE is able to arrive at the gauge-invariant ground state without explicitly enforcing gauge invariance through penalty terms. Additionally, experiments showing string breaking are performed on IBM's quantum platform. Thus, VQEs are seen to be a promising tool for $\mathbb{Z}_2$ LGTs, and could pave the way for studies of other gauge groups. We find that the scaling of gradients with the number of qubits is favorable for avoiding barren plateaus. At the same time, it is not clear how to efficiently simulate the LGT using classical methods. Furthermore, strategies that avoid barren plateaus arise naturally as features of LGTs, such as choosing the initialization by setting the Gauss law sector and restricting the Hilbert space to the gauge-invariant subspace.
Abstract:In this work, we design a variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) suitable for investigating ground states and static string breaking in a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge theory (LGT). We consider a two-leg ladder lattice coupled to Kogut-Susskind staggered fermions and verify the results of the VQE simulations using tensor network methods. We find that for varying Hamiltonian parameter regimes and in the presence of external charges, the VQE is able to arrive at the gauge-invariant ground state without explicitly enforcing gauge invariance through penalty terms. Additionally, experiments showing string breaking are performed on IBM's quantum platform. Thus, VQEs are seen to be a promising tool for $\mathbb{Z}_2$ LGTs, and could pave the way for studies of other gauge groups. We find that the scaling of gradients with the number of qubits is favorable for avoiding barren plateaus. At the same time, it is not clear how to efficiently simulate the LGT using classical methods. Furthermore, strategies that avoid barren plateaus arise naturally as features of LGTs, such as choosing the initialization by setting the Gauss law sector and restricting the Hilbert space to the gauge-invariant subspace.
arXiv:2507.19203 [quant-ph]
(or arXiv:2507.19203v4 [quant-ph] for this version)
Text integral sub licența deschisă a publicației · 192 cuvinte
Subiecte conexe
Truncation uncertainties for accurate quantum simulations of lattice gauge theories
Quantum Journal · 24 sept. 2026
Running Variational Quantum Eigensolver with Qiskit Aer on AMD Instinct
AMD · 29 mai 2026
A brief history of quantum vs classical computational advantage
Quantum Journal · 1 sept. 2026
Symmetry-enriched topological order in tensor networks: Defects, gauging and anyon condensation
Quantum Journal · 1 sept. 2026