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This paper presents a theoretical framework for distributed quantum sensing that integrates entanglement-assisted error correction with local phase estimation. By utilizing pre-shared ebits as probes, the method ensures logical information remains intact after sensing operations and achieves optimal quantum Fisher information limits. This work advances the intersection of quantum metrology and fault-tolerant protocols, offering a structured approach to network-level quantum information processing.
An Entanglement-Assisted Stabilizer Framework for Distributed Sensing of Local Phases
arXiv:2609.02098v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Distributed quantum sensing requires spatially separated probes to acquire local parameters while maintaining compatibility with network-level quantum information processing. We develop an entanglement-assisted stabilizer framework based on the extended structure of entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting (EAQEC) codes, in which the remote halves of pre-shared ebits are used directly as local phase probes while the joint state simultaneously carries an encoded logical subsystem. Each remote probe acquires a local Z-axis phase and subsequently returns through an X-type noise channel. Within the extended EAQEC stabilizer structure, the stabilizer containing $X_{B_j}$ provides phase-dependent measurement statistics, whereas its partner containing $Z_{B_j}$ records the corresponding return-error syndrome. A graph-code formulation is introduced to make this structure explicit, together with an illustrative [[5,1,3;2]] construction. We further show that, conditioned on the joint sensing-and-syndrome measurement record, the post-sensing state differs from the original encoded state only by a known Pauli transformation, so that the logical information remains available for subsequent encoded operations. For the local-phase model considered here, the stabilizer readout attains the available quantum Fisher information, while the finite-shot estimator approaches the corresponding $1/\sqrt{M}$ scaling as the number of repetitions increases. The framework therefore provides a common entanglement-assisted stabilizer structure for distributed local-phase sensing, restricted return-error identification, and post-sensing logical-state retention, without relying on an intrinsic metrological enhancement from EAQEC itself.
Abstract:Distributed quantum sensing requires spatially separated probes to acquire local parameters while maintaining compatibility with network-level quantum information processing. We develop an entanglement-assisted stabilizer framework based on the extended structure of entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting (EAQEC) codes, in which the remote halves of pre-shared ebits are used directly as local phase probes while the joint state simultaneously carries an encoded logical subsystem. Each remote probe acquires a local Z-axis phase and subsequently returns through an X-type noise channel. Within the extended EAQEC stabilizer structure, the stabilizer containing $X_{B_j}$ provides phase-dependent measurement statistics, whereas its partner containing $Z_{B_j}$ records the corresponding return-error syndrome. A graph-code formulation is introduced to make this structure explicit, together with an illustrative [[5,1,3;2]] construction. We further show that, conditioned on the joint sensing-and-syndrome measurement record, the post-sensing state differs from the original encoded state only by a known Pauli transformation, so that the logical information remains available for subsequent encoded operations. For the local-phase model considered here, the stabilizer readout attains the available quantum Fisher information, while the finite-shot estimator approaches the corresponding $1/\sqrt{M}$ scaling as the number of repetitions increases. The framework therefore provides a common entanglement-assisted stabilizer structure for distributed local-phase sensing, restricted return-error identification, and post-sensing logical-state retention, without relying on an intrinsic metrological enhancement from EAQEC itself.
arXiv:2609.02098 [quant-ph]
(or arXiv:2609.02098v1 [quant-ph] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.02098 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)
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