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This research proposes a novel all-optical method for universally controlling nuclear-spin qudits in trapped neutral atoms, specifically utilizing the 173Yb isotope. By leveraging hyperfine interactions and specific polarization angles, the scheme achieves fast, coherent state-selective transitions exceeding 100 kHz while suppressing off-resonant excitations. The work completes a universal gate set by integrating these single-qudit operations with Rydberg blockade-based two-qudit gates, establishing a promising pathway for high-fidelity quantum information processing.
All-optical universal control of nuclear-spin qudits in trapped neutral atoms
arXiv:2605.09715v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Quantum systems with more than two levels - so-called qudits - offer increased computational density and reduced circuit complexity compared to qubit-based architectures, but achieving universal and scalable control remains challenging. We propose an all-optical scheme for universal qudit control in trapped neutral atoms in moderate to high magnetic fields, focusing on the fermionic isotope 173Yb (I = 5/2). The strong hyperfine interaction in the 3P1 manifold enables fast and selective Raman transitions between nuclear-spin states in the 1S0 ground-state manifold using a single linearly polarized laser. For each neighboring transition in the qudit manifold, we identify a magic polarization angle that enables coherent, state-selective control while suppressing off-resonant excitations, with operation frequencies exceeding 100 kHz. Combined with phase-shift operations, this provides universal control of the full single-qudit space. We further discuss compatible two-qudit gates based on the Rydberg blockade mechanism, completing a universal gate set, and analyze state-selective readout schemes compatible with the proposed protocol. Our results identify 173Yb as a promising platform for high-fidelity, all-optical qudit-based quantum information processing.
Abstract:Quantum systems with more than two levels - so-called qudits - offer increased computational density and reduced circuit complexity compared to qubit-based architectures, but achieving universal and scalable control remains challenging. We propose an all-optical scheme for universal qudit control in trapped neutral atoms in moderate to high magnetic fields, focusing on the fermionic isotope 173Yb (I = 5/2). The strong hyperfine interaction in the 3P1 manifold enables fast and selective Raman transitions between nuclear-spin states in the 1S0 ground-state manifold using a single linearly polarized laser. For each neighboring transition in the qudit manifold, we identify a magic polarization angle that enables coherent, state-selective control while suppressing off-resonant excitations, with operation frequencies exceeding 100 kHz. Combined with phase-shift operations, this provides universal control of the full single-qudit space. We further discuss compatible two-qudit gates based on the Rydberg blockade mechanism, completing a universal gate set, and analyze state-selective readout schemes compatible with the proposed protocol. Our results identify 173Yb as a promising platform for high-fidelity, all-optical qudit-based quantum information processing.
Quantum Physics (quant-ph); Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
arXiv:2605.09715 [quant-ph]
(or arXiv:2605.09715v2 [quant-ph] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2605.09715 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite
https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/ae9e6b Focus to learn more DOI(s) linking to related resources
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