A mean-field description of strong-to-weak symmetry breaking in the monitored Bose-Hubbard model

arXiv:2606.02713v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Strong-to-weak spontaneous symmetry breaking has emerged as a novel form of ordering in monitored and open quantum systems, yet its characterization has so far primarily relied on nonlocal diagnostics. Here, we develop a Gutzwiller mean-field framework for monitored bosonic lattice systems, enabling the direct simulation of stochastic measurement dynamics in three spatial dimensions. Applying this approach to the monitored Bose-Hubbard model with local density measurements and Lindbladian dissipation, we identify strong-to-weak symmetry breaking through a trajectory-averaged local order parameter. We find that this local order parameter becomes critical near the critical measurement strength as the charge-sharpening transition. Both transitions exhibit a dynamical exponent $z=2$ in the dilute limit with a correlation length $\nu\simeq 0.6$, comparable to that of the charge-sharpening transition, suggesting that the two phenomena may originate from a common underlying critical point. Our work shows a local characterization of strong-to-weak symmetry breaking, reveals its connection to charge sharpening, and provides concrete predictions for future experiments on the monitored Bose-Hubbard model.

Abstract:Strong-to-weak spontaneous symmetry breaking has emerged as a novel form of ordering in monitored and open quantum systems, yet its characterization has so far primarily relied on nonlocal diagnostics. Here, we develop a Gutzwiller mean-field framework for monitored bosonic lattice systems, enabling the direct simulation of stochastic measurement dynamics in three spatial dimensions. Applying this approach to the monitored Bose-Hubbard model with local density measurements and Lindbladian dissipation, we identify strong-to-weak symmetry breaking through a trajectory-averaged local order parameter. We find that this local order parameter becomes critical near the critical measurement strength as the charge-sharpening transition. Both transitions exhibit a dynamical exponent $z=2$ in the dilute limit with a correlation length $\nu\simeq 0.6$, comparable to that of the charge-sharpening transition, suggesting that the two phenomena may originate from a common underlying critical point. Our work shows a local characterization of strong-to-weak symmetry breaking, reveals its connection to charge sharpening, and provides concrete predictions for future experiments on the monitored Bose-Hubbard model.

Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas); Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

arXiv:2606.02713 [cond-mat.quant-gas]

(or arXiv:2606.02713v2 [cond-mat.quant-gas] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2606.02713 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

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A mean-field description of strong-to-weak symmetry breaking in the monitored Bose-Hubbard model

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